完整极硬岩TBM施工辅助破岩方法研究现状及展望  

Research status and prospect of assisting rock breaking methods for TBM tunnelling in extremely hard rocks

作　　者：孙健 陈亮[1,2] 马洪素 郑植[1] SUN Jian;CHEN Liang;MA Hongsu;ZHENG Zhi(Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029,China;CAEA Innovation Center for Geological Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste,Beijing 100029,ChinaAbstract)

机构地区：[1]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029 [2]国家原子能机构高放废物地质处置创新中心,北京100029

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2024年第1期141-163,共23页World Nuclear Geoscience

基　　金：CAEA高放废物地质处置创新中心基金项目(编号:CXJJ21102203)资助。

摘　　要：针对完整极硬岩,隧道掘进机(TBM)施工存在掘进效率低、滚刀磨损快、TBM部件受损以及岩爆等问题,降低了TBM隧道施工的安全性和高效性。对近几十年来国内外的完整硬岩隧道TBM施工情况及遇到的问题进行了统计分析;梳理介绍了一系列辅助破岩方法,包括水射流法、微波法、激光法、等离子体法和干冰粉气动破岩法,并对各种方法的优势和不足进行了论述。当前的辅助破岩方法尚不能完全满足TBM施工配合要求,未来需进行进一步的深入研究。In recent years,with the increase of the difficulty of TBM tunnel construction,the problems of low boring efficiency,fast wear of cutters,damage of TBM components,rockburst and other problems have occurred during the excavation of extremely hard rock tunnels,which have seriously reduced the safety and efficiency of TBM tunnel construction.This article provided statistics on the construction of extremly hard rock tunnels at home and abroad in recent decades and described and analyzed the problems encountered in the construction.The article introduced a series of assisted rock breaking methods,focusing on water jet,microwave,laser,plasma,and dry ice powder pneumatic rock breaking methods,and discussed the advantages and shortcomings of each method.At present,although there are several kinds of methods that have the prospects to assist the TBM breaking rock,there are still shortcomings with the TBM excavation,and further in-depth research is needed.

关 键 词：完整极硬岩 TBM开挖 水射流 微波 激光 等离子体 干冰粉气动破岩 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]