新疆荒漠啮齿动物体内寄生虫调查  

Investigation on the Endoparasite of Rodents in Desert Area of Xinjiang

作　　者：周旭东 蒋卫[2] ZHOU Xu dong;JIANG Wei(Luzhou Vocational and Technical College,Luzhou 646600,China;Xinjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]泸州职业技术学院,泸州646600 [2]新疆疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐843000

出　　处：《中国动物传染病学报》2023年第6期133-139,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Infectious Diseases

基　　金：国家科技部攻关项目(TJ99-LA01)。

摘　　要：人兽共患病危害严重,已引起社会广泛关注,许多动物寄生虫都可以引起人的感染,所以对寄生虫的宿主及其传播途径的研究非常必要。为了解中国西北部内陆干旱荒漠地区啮齿动物体内寄生虫感染情况,对新疆按不同地理分区进行采样调查,共捕获野栖鼠类样本4科15属21种963只。采用病原学方法进行检测,结果共检出33种内寄生虫,其中线虫17种、绦虫15种、棘头虫1种;共检出127只阳性样品,总感染率为13.19%,其中线虫感染率为6.63%,绦虫感染率7.98%。发现该地区鼠类内寄生虫的感染率高低与性别无关,但与宿主年龄、分布地区、宿主种类、季节、集群生活方式密切相关;感染强度与感染寄生虫的种类多少、感染率高低关联度不大,主要和特异性虫种、鼠种关联度较大;寄生虫伴随着鼠类群落演替,从荒漠到人工林、农田、居民区感染率在依次递减,而感染强度在加重,说明内寄生虫从原始荒漠到人工环境传播的方向和途径已经形成。Zoonoses are a serious hazard,which has aroused widespread concerns in the society.Many animal parasites can cause human infections.Therefore,it is necessary to study the hosts and transmission routes of parasites.To understand the parasitic infections of rodents in the arid desert region of northwest China,sampling survey was conducted according to the fauna.A total of 963 wild rodent samples belonging to 21 species,15 genera and 4 families were collected and detected by etiological methods.As a result,33 species of endophytic parasites were detected,including 17 species of nematode,15 species of tapeworm and 1 species of acinocephala.A total of 127 positive samples/rodents were detected and the total infection rate was 13.19%,among which nematode infection rate was 6.63% and tapeworm infection rate was 7.98%.We found that the infection rate of intraparasites was not related to gender but was closely related to host age,distribution area,host species,season,and cluster lifestyle.The infection intensity was not closely related to the number of parasitic species and infection rate but was mainly related to specific insect and rat species.With the succession of rodent community,the infection rate decreased from desert to artificial forest,farmland and residential area,while the infection intensity increased,indicating that the direction and way of parasite transmission from primitive desert to artificial environment had been formed.

关 键 词：内寄生虫 啮齿动物 感染率 荒漠地区 

分 类 号：S852.7[农业科学—基础兽医学]