螺环基闭合环状结构化合物的研究进展  

Research progress on spirofluorene-based closed-loop compounds

作　　者：魏颖[1] 包秋景 张峥 李昊[1] 马述威 汪涛[1] 解令海[1] Ying Wei;Qiujing Bao;Zheng Zhang;Hao Li;Shuwei Ma;Tao Wang;Linghai Xie(State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM),Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学,有机电子与信息显示国家重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第4期510-530,共21页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22071112,22275098);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(4600KYCX221004)资助。

摘　　要：螺环基闭合环状结构化合物是一类以螺环芳烃作为构筑单元形成的闭合环状结构的化合物,主要包括大环、共价有机框架(COF)、金属有机框架(MOF)等.此类化合物拥有规整的环状结构、可调的尺寸和形状、丰富的空间构象及光学活性等特点,在传感、药物输送、吸附、分离、光学器件、分子识别等领域有着广泛的应用.根据它们空间维度的不同,可以分为零、一、二、三维螺环基闭合环状结构化合物.本文综述了近年来螺环基闭合环状结构化合物的研究进展,重点介绍了这类化合物的结构特性、合成方法、性能表征以及应用,将为化学、材料科学、生命科学、有机光电子等领域设计和制备具有更多功能的新材料提供强有力的支持.In 1930, Clarkson first synthesized 9,9′-spirobifluorene. With the in-depth research on spirobifluorene structures, varioustypes of spiro-ring molecules have been expanded, including spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], spiro[indene-thiophene]fluorenes, and spiro[cyclopentadithiophene]fluorenes. These molecules are renowned for their unique rigid π-conjugatedorthogonal configuration and multi-reactive site molecular skeleton, making them valuable building blocks in the field oforganic optoelectronic materials. They are commonly employed in the synthesis of organic functional small molecules,linear polymers, and closed-loop compounds. Spirofluorene-based closed-loop compounds are a class of moleculesconstructed using spirofluorene as the core unit. They mainly include macrocycles, nanogrids, covalent organicframeworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and other related structures. These compounds possess welldefined cyclic structures, tunable sizes and shapes, diverse conformational and optical properties, and find widespreadapplicationss in fields such as sensing, drug delivery, adsorption, separation, optical devices, molecular recognition, andother fields. Overall, the advancements in spirofluorene chemistry have opened up new possibilities for the design anddevelopment of functional materials with enhanced properties and wide-ranging applications. Depending on the spatialdimensions of these compounds, they can be classified into zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional spirofluorene-basedclosed-loop structures, each dimension exhibiting distinct properties and applications. Zero-dimensional structures refer tocompounds with nanoscale dimensions in one direction, featuring closed-loop compound with spirofluorenes as the coreunits, including macrocycles and nanogirds. They demonstrate excellent molecular recognition properties and are oftendesigned for selective recognition and detection of specific molecules, holding potential applications in environmentalmonitoring and medical diagnostics. One-dimensiona

关 键 词：螺环芳烃 大环 共价有机框架 金属有机框架 

分 类 号：O625.1[理学—有机化学]