先锋女性主义者的建筑实验--英国Matrix的女性主义建筑观念与实践研究  

The Architectural Experiment of Avant-Garde Feminists:A Study on the Concept and Practice of Matrix's Feminist Architecture in UK

作　　者：杨宇环 张卫[2] YANG Yuhuan;ZHANG Wei(School of Architecture and Planning,Hunan University;the History Teaching and Research Section of the School of Architecture and Planning,Hunan University)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学建筑与规划学院 [2]湖南大学建筑与规划学院历史教研室

出　　处：《世界建筑》2024年第2期18-25,共8页World Architecture

摘　　要：英国的Matrix是西方第一个明确以女性主义为主张的女性建筑事务所。在特定的时代背景下,她们试图挑战父权制下的建筑体系并发展一种女性主义的设计方法,是西方将女性主义理论运用到建筑空间实践中的先锋者。本文回溯了Matrix组建时的政治与社会背景,分析她们以建筑师的身份采取集体合作工作模式、以女性为主体的参与式机制、以技能培训为辅助的女性建筑教育介入的方法来促进女性解放并重构建筑的空间生产。基于女性主义社会建构论的观念,解读Matrix是如何以性别批判的视角来看待和认知城市空间与女性主义建筑,并结合具体建筑案例分析女性视角下的包容性建筑设计。最后本文探讨了以Matrix为代表的女性建筑师及其女性主义建筑观念与实践对于当下建筑学科研究的价值与意义。Matrix in the UK is the flrst explicitly feminist architectural flrm in the Western world.Against the backdrop of a specific historical period,they attempted to challenge the architectural system under patriarchy and develop a feminist approach to work and design,pioneering the application of feminist theory to architectural spatial practice in the West.This article traces the political and social context during the formation of Matrix,analysing how,in their role as architects,they adopted a collective cooperative work model,a participatory mechanism with women as the main participants,and a method of women-centric architectural education intervention supplemented by skill training to promote women's liberation and reconstruct the spatial production of architecture.Based on the concepts of feminist social construction theory,the article interprets how Matrix critically views urban space and perceives feminist architecture from a gender perspective.It also combines speciflc architectural case studies to analyse inclusive architectural design from a female perspective.Finally,the paper explores the value and signiflcance of feminist architectural concepts and practices represented by Matrix for current architectural research.

关 键 词：MATRIX 女性主义 女性建筑师 参与式设计 女性主义建筑设计 

分 类 号：TU-86[艺术—艺术设计]