高瓦斯煤层下保护层开采覆岩裂隙发育特征研究  

Research on Development Characteristics of Overburden Fracture in Lower Protective Layer Mining of High-Gas Coal Seams

作　　者：刘永琪 徐良骥[2,5] 刘潇鹏 陈宝宝 张坤 曹宗友[1,2,3,4] LIU Yongqi;XU Liangji;LIU Xiaopeng;CHEN Baobao;ZHANG Kun;CAO Zongyou(School of Spatial Information and Surveying Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;State Key Laboratory for Deep Coal Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;Key Laboratory of Aviation-aerospace-ground Cooperative Monitoring and Early Warning of Coal Mining-Induced Disasters of Anhui Higher Education Institutes,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;Coal Industry Engineering Research Center of Mining Area Environmental And Disaster Cooperative Monitoring,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;Institute of Energy,Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center,Hefei,Anhui 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学空间信息与测绘工程学院,安徽淮南市232001 [2]安徽理工大学深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽淮南市232001 [3]矿山采动灾害空天地协同监测与预警安徽普通高校重点实验室,安徽淮南市232001 [4]安徽理工大学矿区环境与灾害协同监测煤炭行业工程研究中心,安徽淮南市232001 [5]合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第2期66-73,共8页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52104172);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022h11020024);国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLMRDPC21KF19)。

摘　　要：裂隙带发育高度是判断下保护层开采可行性的依据。以童亭煤矿8煤和7煤为工程研究背景,采用理论计算、数值模拟和分布式光纤观测的方法分析了8煤采后裂隙带的发育特征。采用“三带判别法”经验公式计算出7煤层位于8煤层采后形成的裂隙带下沿,理论上可对8煤层进行下保护层开采。运用UDEC对8煤层工作面岩层建造数值模型,数值模拟得到的垮落带高度为14.6 m,裂隙带高度为51.6 m,与理论计算高度一致,进一步验证了下保护层开采的可行性。对分布式光纤实测应变数据进行处理,分析得到裂隙带高度稳定在53.4 m,与理论计算和模型模拟得出的裂隙带高度一致。结合“三带”公式计算、数值模拟和分布式光纤监测三种方法,相互验证得到8煤层开采后裂隙带发育高度为50 m左右,大于7煤层与8煤层之间的煤层间距,证明进行保护层开采是可行的,同时可为后期采区与工作面安全回采提供可靠的理论依据。The development height of fractured zone is the key factor to judge the mining feasibility of the lower protective layer.Taking No.8 coal seam and No.7 coal seam in Tongting Coal Mine as the engineering research background,the development characteristics of fractured zone in No.8 coal seam after mining were analyzed by theoretical calculation,numerical simulation and distributed optical fiber observation method.The empirical formula of“three zone discrimination method”was used to calculate that the No.7 coal seam was located at the lower edge of the fracture zone formed after the mining of the No.8 coal seam.In theory,the lower protective layer of the No.8 coal seam can be mined.UDEC was used to construct a numerical model for the rock strata of the No.8 coal seam working face,the numerical simulation shows that the height of the caving zone is 14.6 m,and the height of the fracture zone is 51.6 m,which is highly consistent with the theoretical calculation,and further verifies the feasibility of the lower protective layer mining.The measured strain data of distributed optical fiber are processed,and the height of the fracture zone is stable at 53.4 m,which is consistent with the height of the fracture zone obtained by theoretical calculation and model simulation.Combined with the three methods of“three zones”formula calculation,numerical simulation and distributed optical fiber monitoring,the development height of fracture zone after the mining of No.8 coal seam is about 50 m,which is greater than the coal seam spacing between No.7 coal seam and No.8 coal seam.It is proved that the mining of lower protective layer is feasible,and the study can provide a reliable theoretical basis for the safe mining of later mining area and working face.

关 键 词：下保护层开采 裂隙带 三带判别法 数值模拟 分布式光纤 

分 类 号：TD82[矿业工程—煤矿开采]