碳中和目标下我国森林碳汇功能实现的困境检视与法治保障  

An Analysis of the Difficulties in Realization of China's Forest Carbon Sink Functions and Legal Guarantee with a View to Carbon Neutrality

作　　者：李冰强[1] Li Bingqiang(School of Law,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学法学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期61-72,共12页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“生态文明视野下自然资源资产产权法律制度研究”(21ZDA091)。

摘　　要：森林是水库、钱库和粮库,同时森林生态系统固碳增汇功能在实现碳中和目标中的作用也愈发凸显,成为重要的“碳库”。然而,我国森林碳汇功能实现存在因法治化程度较低、法律体系不健全且位阶低而造成的法律困境,以及因存在产权、资金、技术、风险障碍而造成的事理积弊。因应之策在于:一方面要积极推进国家应对气候变化专门立法、推进森林碳汇相关法律修订与制定、加强森林碳汇司法保障以巩固提升森林碳汇能力;另一方面要明晰森林碳汇的产权与收益归属,建立健全森林碳汇金融服务体系,提升森林碳汇项目技术实现能力、发展森林碳汇项目风险分散机制以消弭森林碳汇功能实现的障碍。Forests are reservoirs,money banks and food stores,and forest ecosystems play an increasingly prominent role in achieving carbon neutrality,becoming an important"carbon pool".However,the realization of forest carbon sink function in China has legal difficulties caused by the low degree of legalization,the imperfect legal system and the low rank,and the accumulated problems caused by the obstacles of property rights,capital,technology and risks.It is pointed out that on the one hand,China should promote the national special legislation to cope with climate change,promote the revision and enactment of relevant laws on forest carbon sink,and strengthen the judicial protection of forest carbon sink to consolidate and enhance the forest carbon sink capacity.On the other hand,it is necessary to clarify the property rights and income ownership of forest carbon sink,establish and improve the forest carbon sink financial service system,improve the technical realization ability of forest carbon sink projects,and develop the risk dispersion mechanism of forest carbon sink projects to eliminate the obstacles to the realization of forest carbon sink functions.

关 键 词：碳中和 森林资源 森林碳汇 法治保障 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]