基层高模糊-高冲突型政策执行模式的转换:路径和机制——以B市停车自治政策在M社区的执行过程为例  

Evolution of Policy Implementation in High Ambiguity and High Conflict Scenarios:The Case of Parking Self-Governance in Community M

作　　者：石天琼 徐晓新[2] Shi Tianqiong;Xu Xiaoxin(School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou;School of Social Development and Public Policy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院 [2]北京师范大学社会发展与公共政策学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2024年第1期162-170,共9页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：北京师范大学“科研业务专项—科研平台建设”项目(项目编号:312223208501/2023)。

摘　　要：高模糊-高冲突型政策在我国一定范围内存在。文章将时间引入模糊-冲突政策执行模型,探讨基层高模糊-高冲突型政策执行模式的转换路径和机制。在政策执行过程中,如果没有掌握资源的优势联盟的推动,高模糊-高冲突型政策容易在基层出现执行阻滞。当政策被高位推动时,政策目标、程序性规则的模糊性和执行者间的冲突会降低,使高模糊—高冲突型政策转换为中模糊-中冲突型政策;相应地,执行阻滞被突破,出现政策的悬浮性执行。目标群体的广泛参与有利于降低政策的实质性规则模糊,还有利于缓解政策执行者与目标群体之间以及目标群体内部的冲突,使中模糊—中冲突型政策进一步转换为低模糊-低冲突型政策;相应地,悬浮性执行的政策又进一步转换为以资源为关键要素的行政性执行。基于此,文章尝试建立一个契合中国政策实践的基层政策执行解释框架。Policies characterized by high ambiguity and high conflict are prevalent in China's policy landscape.This paper incorporates the dimension of “time” into Matland's Ambiguity-Conflict Model to examine the transformation process and dynamics of policy implementation modes in Chinese communities faced with such policies.The study finds that policies with high ambiguity and conflict tend to encounter implementation gridlock at the community level in the absence of a strong promoting coalition.Intervention by high-level leaders can reduce both the ambiguity surrounding policy goals and procedural rules,as well as the conflict among implementers,thereby shifting the policy from high ambiguity and conflict to medium levels of both,and moving the implementation status from gridlock to suspension.Further involvement by target groups can decrease the ambiguity of substantive rules and mitigate conflicts both between policy implementers and target groups,and within target groups themselves.This transition brings the policy into the low ambiguity and conflict category,converting the suspended implementation into a resource-driven administrative process.The paper thus proposes an interpretative framework for community-level policy implementation that aligns with the realities of Chinese policy practices.

关 键 词：政策执行 高模糊—高冲突型政策 模糊—冲突政策执行模型 悬浮性执行 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]