广州某退役稀土厂场地放射性及重金属污染特征  

Characteristics of Radioactivity and Heavy Metal Pollution at a Rare Earth Factory Site in Guangzhou

作　　者：房俊旭 文旺凤 宋刚[1] FANG Jun-xu;WEN Wang˗feng;SONG Gang(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《环境科学导刊》2024年第1期52-55,66,共5页Environmental Science Survey

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41373117);广州市教育局高校科研项目(201831803);广州市科技计划项目(201707010421)。

摘　　要：以广州某退役稀土厂场地为例,开展放射性和重金属污染特征研究,为后期治理提供基础数据。用高纯锗γ能谱仪和ICP-MS分别测量厂区土壤样品中天然放射性核素和重金属含量,同时在采样点测量γ辐射空气吸收剂量率。结果表明,厂区γ辐射空气吸收剂量率变化范围为113~4004 n Gy/h,废渣堆放区明显偏高;土壤样品的^(238)U、^(232)Th、^(226)Ra和^(40)K含量分别是80.8~1990.2、78.4~14372.4、68.2~6935.0和625.4~2698.4 Bq/kg;测量的8种重金属中,As超土壤修复标准较严重,最高达263.83 mg/kg,Zn和Pb也存在一定程度的超标。厂区土壤和废渣的p H值均符合污染场地土壤修复标准要求,而土壤中放射性和重金属复合污染较严重,在开发再利用前要进行详细场地调查和土壤修复工作。Taking a retired rare earth plant site in Guangzhou as an example,a study on the characteristics of radioactive and heavy metal pollution was conducted to provide basic data for later treatment.Using high-purity germanium γ energy spectrometer and ICP-MS respectively measure the content of natural radionuclides and heavy metals in soil samples from the plant area,and measure the γ air absorption dose rate at the same sampling point.The results showed that the variation range of γ air absorption dose rate was113~4004 n Gy/h in the plant area,and the waste residue stacking area was significantly higher;The contents of ^(238)U,^(232)Th,^(226)Ra,and ^(40)K in soil samples were 80.8~1990.2,78.4~14372.4,68.2~6935.0,and 625.4~2698.4 Bq/kg,respectively.Among the eight heavy metals measured,As exceeded the soil remediation standard seriously,with a maximum of 263.83 mg/kg.Zn and Pb also exceeded the standard to some extent.The p H values of the soil and waste residue in the plant area meet the requirements of soil remediation standards for contaminated sites,while the combined contamination of radioactive and heavy metals in the soil was relatively serious.Detailed site investigation and soil remediation work should be conducted before development and reuse.

关 键 词：稀土厂场地 γ空气吸收剂量率 天然放射性 重金属污染 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]