垃圾填埋场地下水水质评价及变化特征分析——以滇西某生活垃圾填埋场为例  

Study on Groundwater Quality Evaluation and Variation of Landfill Site:A Case of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in Western Yunnan

作　　者：肖志才 谢天笛 李阳辉 余燕 何春 孟菲 李秋芳 XIAO Zhi-cai;XIE Tian-di;LI Yang-hui;YU Yan;HE Chun;MENG Fei;LI Qiu-fang(Lijiang Teachers College,Lijiang Yunnan 674199,China)

机构地区：[1]丽江师范高等专科学校,云南丽江674199 [2]宁蒗县生态环境监测站,云南丽江674300 [3]丽江市生态环境局宁蒗分局,云南丽江674300 [4]云南省生态环境厅驻丽江市生态环境监测站,云南丽江674100

出　　处：《环境科学导刊》2024年第1期76-81,共6页Environmental Science Survey

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究(2023J1763)。

摘　　要：以某垃圾填埋场地下水监测为例,全面分析评价其地下水水质特征及水质变化趋势,为研判垃圾填埋场渗滤液渗漏情况和地下水污染情况提供科学依据。首先通过单因子指数法计算各项指标的环境质量指数,定量化评价各监测点水样中的水质污染项目及其污染超标倍数;在此基础上,利用Nemero公式计算综合指数F,得出定性化水质综合评价结果;然后,通过选取具有代表性的监测点位,对两年监测中有普遍超标的水质项目进行水质变化趋势分析。结果表明:从2021年和2022年每个季度共计8批水质监测数据看,2021年地下水监测中超标的指标主要有TH、TDS、COD_(Mn)、NH_(3)-N、VP、Cr^(6+)、FCB和Mn,而2022年在此基础上超标指标有所增加,主要为重金属元素;上下半年水质超标指标存在一定差别,且排水井中超标的水质指标制约了扩散井和监视井中的超标指标;排水井的水质全年均为极差,扩散井的水质总体上为较差,而监视井水质波动较大;三类监测井的COD_(Mn)和Cr^(6+)表现为更好的协同性,而排水井的TH、TDS和NH_(3)-N起伏变化不同步于扩散井和监视井,FCB变化没有呈现规律性变化。从空间分布看,临近排水井的扩散井比远离排水井的监视井水质总体更差。垃圾渗滤液中不同污染物在地下水运移过程可能受到地质条件、地下水分布情况、循环路径和大气降水量等因素制约。The study took the groundwater monitoring of a municipal solid waste landfill as an example to comprehensively analyze and valuate the characteristics of groundwater quality so as to provide a scientific basis for the study and judgment of landfill leachate leakage and groundwater pollution.Firstly,the single factor index method was used to calculate the environmental quality of each index,and the water quality pollution items in the water samples of each monitoring point and their pollution multiples exceeding the standard were quantitatively evaluated.On this basis,the comprehensive index F was calculated by Nemerow formula,and the results of qualitative water quality comprehensive evaluation were obtained.Then,water quality trends were analyzed through selecting exceeding item of the representative monitoring points in two years.The results showed that from a total of 8 batches of water quality monitoring data per quarter in 2021 and 2022,the indicators exceeding the standard of groundwater monitoring in 2021mainly included TH,TDS,COD_(Mn),NH_(3)-N,VP,Cr^(6+),FCB and Mn.On this basis,the indicators exceeding the standard in 2022 were increased,mainly heavy metal elements.There were some differences in the index of water quality exceeding the standard in the last and the second half of the year,and the index of water quality exceeding the standard in the drainage well restricted the index of water quality exceeding the standard in the diffusion well and the monitoring well.The water quality of the drainage well was very poor all year round,the water quality of the diffusion well was generally poor,and the water quality of the monitoring well fluctuated greatly.COD_(Mn) and Cr^(6+) of the three types of monitoring wells showed better coordination,while TH,TDS and NH_(3)-N fluctuations of the drainage Wells were not synchronized with those of the diffusion wells and monitoring wells,and FCB changes did not show regular changes.From the spatial distribution,the water quality of the diffusion well near the drainage

关 键 词：垃圾渗滤液 水质评价 水质变化 地下水污染 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]