流感样疾病患儿呼吸道病毒感染情况及流行病学特征  

Respiratory virus infection and epidemiological characteristics of children with influenza-like illness

作　　者：金爽 洪开听 潘辉 JIN Shuang;HONG Kaiting;PAN Hui(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Zhoushan Women and Children Hospital,Zhejiang Province,Zhoushan 316000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省舟山市妇女儿童医院检验科,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2024年第5期66-69,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(2019ZJ8679)。

摘　　要：目的探讨本地流感样疾病患儿感染不同呼吸道病毒的情况及多种呼吸道病毒的流行特征,为当地儿童预防和治疗流感样疾病提供依据。方法选取2022年2月至2023年1月于浙江省舟山市妇女儿童医院就诊流感样疾病患儿214例,根据患儿年龄和性别进行分组,分析患儿性别、年龄及季节分布情况。结果不同性别呼吸道病毒检出情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单一种类病毒感染的病例中,男性患儿甲型流感病毒(Flu A)抗原检测阳性率最高(91.8%),乙型流感病毒(Flu B)和和腺病毒(ADV)病毒抗原检测阳性率最低(0.9%);女性患儿Flu A病毒抗原检测阳性率最高(91.4%),其他病毒抗原检测阳性率均为1.9%;年龄3~<6岁患儿单纯Flu A病毒抗原检测阳性率低于≥6岁患儿和0~<3岁患儿,ADV病毒抗原检测阳性率和RSV病毒抗原检测阳性率高于≥6岁患儿和0~<3岁患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。季节分布,患儿春季呼吸道病毒感染率最高,冬季次之,其次是秋季,夏季最低。结论呼吸道病毒抗原检测阳性率在近两年总体上增高,Flu A是流感样疾病患儿感染的主要呼吸道病毒,RSV和Flu A呈现季节性,流行主要季节为春季和冬季。不同年龄段的儿童都有可能感染不同的呼吸道病毒。Objective To investigate the infection of different respiratory viruses in local children with influenza-like diseases and the epidemic characteristics of various respiratory viruses,and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of influenza-like diseases in local children.Methods A total of 214 children with influenza-like illness were selected from Zhoushan Women and Children’s Hospital,Zhejiang Province from February 2022 to January 2023.The children were grouped according to age and sex,and the gender,age and seasonal distribution of the children were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the detection of respiratory virus between different genders(P>0.05).The positive rate of influenza A virus(FluA)antigen detection in male children was the highest(91.8%),and the positive rate of influenza B virus(FluB)and adenovirus(ADV)were the lowest(1.4%).The positive rate of FluA virus antigen detection in female children was the highest(91.4%),and the positive rate of other virus antigens was 1.9%.The positive rate of FluA virus antigen detection in children aged 3 to<6 years was lower than that in children aged≥6 years and 0 to<3 years,and the positive rate of ADV virus antigen detection and RSV virus antigen detection was higher than that in children aged≥6 years and 0 to<3 years,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Seasonal distribution showed that the infection rate of respiratory virus was the highest in spring,followed by winter,autumn and summer.Conclusion The positive rate of respiratory virus antigen detection increased in the past two years.FluA is the main respiratory virus infected by children with influenza-like diseases.RSV and FluA are seasonal,and the main epidemic seasons are spring and winter.Children of different ages can be infected with different respiratory viruses.

关 键 词：流感样疾病 呼吸道病毒 流行病学 甲型流感病毒 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]