日本“新时代现实主义外交”理念及其政策取向  

An Analysis of Japan's Concept of "New Age Realist Diplomacy" and Its Policy Orientation

作　　者：吕耀东[1,2] Lyu Yaodong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学国际政治经济学院 [2]中国社会科学院日本研究所

出　　处：《日本学刊》2023年第6期1-22,168,共23页Japanese Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“日本海洋战略及政策研究”(编号:20FJB006);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地“十四五”重大项目“国际秩序大变革背景下的东北亚相关国家战略调整研究”(编号:22JJD810033)。

摘　　要：日本首相岸田文雄提出的“新时代现实主义外交”理念契合日本型现实主义、新现实主义相关理论逻辑,将长期影响日本外交决策。按照“潜在敌意、威胁制衡、敌意合理化”的因果分析路径,可以解释日本谋求拥有及行使“反击能力”、践行“价值观外交”、强化日美同盟、构建“准同盟”关系的成因及其实质。“新时代现实主义外交”理念中关于国际政治“权力体系”“利益体系”“价值体系”三个体系的构建与实施过程,将“价值观外交”、“积极和平主义”和“自由开放的印太”作为“强化日本防卫力”的价值追求,依托日美同盟及其“准同盟”机制,渲染“乌克兰危机”东亚化,制造“迄今最大战略挑战”的对华阵营对抗,为“修宪”、主导国际事务、构建“权力体系”和“利益体系”的战略目标服务。The concept of "New Era Realist Diplomacy",articulated by Japanese Prime Minister Kishida Fumio,aligns with the principles of theories associated with Japanese-style realism and neo-realism.According to the causal path of "potential hostility,threatening checks and balances,and rationalization of hostility",it is possible to explain the causes and substance of Japan' s pursuit of possession,exercise of "countermeasure capability ",practice of values diplomacy,strengthening of the Japan-U.S.alliance,and construction of a "quasi-alliance" relationship.The causes and substance of Japan's quest to possess and exercise "countercapabilities",practice values diplomacy,strengthen the Japan-U.S.alliance and build a "quasialliance" relationship.In the construction and implementation process of the three systems of "power structure","interest structure" and "value structure" in the "New Era Realist Diplomacy" concept regarding international politics,the pursuit of value-based diplomacy,"proactive pacifism" and the "Free and Open Indo-Pacific" is positioned as an endeavor to "strengthen Japan's defense capabilities".Leveraging the Japan-U.S.alliance and its "quasi-alliance" mechanisms,the narrative transforms the "Ukraine crisis" into an East Asian context,fabricates a "most significant strategic challenge to date" within the anti-China camp,and serves the strategic goals of "constitutional revision",leading international affairs,and constructing the "power structure" and "interest structure".

关 键 词：新时代现实主义外交 权力体系 利益体系 价值体系 日美同盟 中日关系 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学]