基于平滑肌细胞表型转化角度探讨中医药治疗动脉粥样硬化进展  

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Atherosclerosis Based on Phenotype Transformation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

作　　者：范增光 袁野[1,2,3] FAN Zengguang;YUAN Ye(Jixi People's Hospital Medical Group,Jixi 158119,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330006,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]鸡西市人民医院医疗集团,黑龙江鸡西158119 [2]黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]江西中医药大学附属医院,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2024年第2期130-135,共6页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目(202210760,202410310);江西省自然科学基金项目(20224BAB216097)。

摘　　要：动脉粥样硬化是一种以纤维斑块和粥样斑块为主要病理特征的血管系统疾病。当纤维斑块或粥样斑块形成后,使动脉壁增厚、变硬,导致动脉管腔狭窄、弹性下降,甚至可导致急性冠状动脉综合征、缺血性脑卒中等并发症的发生,是多种心脑血管疾病的病理基础。血管平滑肌细胞主要环形分布于血管壁的中膜内,与血管的顺应性及弹性回缩密切相关,在生理情况下,血管平滑肌细胞具有收缩力强的特性,保持着低增殖、低迁移功能,在不同的环境条件影响下,血管平滑肌细胞会发生表型转化,从收缩表型向合成表型转化,促使平滑肌细胞由中膜迁移至内膜,随后在内膜中大量积聚并刺激结缔组织的形成,进而导致斑块失稳、管腔狭窄甚至斑块破裂等病理过程的发生。该文阐述了血管平滑肌与动脉粥样硬化发生发展的关系,并总结近十年中医药通过调控血管平滑肌细胞防治动脉粥样硬化的进展,旨在为中医药防治动脉粥样硬化提供更为可靠的理论依据。Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease characterized by fibrous plaque and atheromatous plaque.After the formation of fibrous plaque or atheromatous plaque,the arterial wall will thicken and harden,leading to stenosis and decrease in elasticity of the arterial lumen,and even leading to the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome,ischemic stroke and other complications,which is the pathological basis of many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)are mainly circularly distributed in the medial membrane of the vascular wall,which is closely related to the compliance and elastic retraction of blood vessels.Under physiological conditions,vascular smooth muscle cells have the characteristics of strong contractility,maintaining low proliferation and migration functions.Under different environmental conditions,vascular smooth muscle cells will undergo phenotypic transformation,from the contractile phenotype to the synthetic phenotype,which will promote smooth muscle cells to migrate from the middle membrane to the intima,and then accumulate in the intima and stimulate the formation of connective tissue,leading to plaque instability,lumen stenosis even plaque rupture and other pathological processes.This article expounds the relationship between vascular smooth muscle and the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis,and summarizes the progress of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating atherosclerosis by regulating vascular smooth muscle cells in recent ten years,aiming to provide a more reliable theoretical basis for traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.

关 键 词：中医药 动脉粥样硬化 血管平滑肌细胞表型转化 研究进展 

分 类 号：R25[医药卫生—中医内科学]