晚清西学汇编与天文知识的本土书写  

The Compilatory Series in the Late Qing and the Local Writing for Astronomical Knowledge

作　　者：叶璐 YE Lu(Institute for University History,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学校史研究室,上海200240

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2023年第12期102-107,114,共7页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“明末以前的传世星命学著作研究:以《四库全书》和《古今图书集成》为主”(19YJCZH137);上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“南洋公学近代教科书的整理与研究”(2023ELS001)。

摘　　要：晚清科举改制,多种西学汇编丛书应运而生。其中天文知识的书写,体现了本土学者对西学的接引和再创造,是检验西方近代天文学在本土传播与接受程度的有力例证。文章通过研究晚清汇编丛书,尤其是“重新组织问题、编排文本”中的天文知识,对本土学者如何编纂西学知识、如何安置天文学科形成一定理解:此类书籍摘录著名西译天文书籍,普及西方近代天文常识,逐步形成天文学科意识,但受制于中国传统科学文化思维,天文知识是“中体西用”观念下的重新解构,天文学科亦是传统学科体系下的笼统分类。汇编丛书作为士子科举场中应答论证的参考书,虽然推动了天文学进入晚清读书人的知识谱系,但仅是基于“经世之学”的思辨论述,并未真正促进近代科学的产生。During the reform of the imperial examination system in the late Qing Dynasty,the Compilatory Series came into being.The writing of astronomical knowledge reflects the incorporation and recreation of western studies by local scholars and provides positive evidence to test the spread and acceptance of western astronomy.By studying the astronomical knowledge in the compilatory series of the late Qing Dynasty,especially the“reorganizing problems and arranging texts”,this article forms a certain understanding of local scholars on how to compile western knowledge and how to place Astronomy:this kind of books excerpt western astronomical books,popularize modern western astronomical knowledge,and gradually forms the consciousness of astronomical discipline.However,restricted by Chinese tradition,astronomical knowledge is a re-deconstruction under the concept of“Chinese style and Western use”,and astronomical discipline is also a general classification under the traditional discipline system.As the reference books responding to argumentation in the imperial examination,the compilatory series promoted astronomy to enter the knowledge genealogy of scholars,but it did not really promote the emergence of modern science.

关 键 词：西学汇编 经世文编 策论 天文 本土书写 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]