复配重金属胁迫下对小麦的毒害效应  

Toxic Effects of Complex Heavy Metal Stress on Wheat

作　　者：李堆淑 LI Duishu(College of Biopharmaceutical Engineering and Food Science,Shangluo University,Shangluo,Shaanxi 726000 China)

机构地区：[1]商洛学院生物医药与食品工程学院,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第1期21-24,51,共5页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S201911396050);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019NY-203)。

摘　　要：为了研究复配重金属对小麦的毒害作用,采用水培养小麦,在水溶液中加入ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O、FeCl_(3)、CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O和MnSO_(4),配制成三种不同浓度的混合溶液(低浓度G1、中浓度G_(2)和高浓度G_(3)),模拟重金属污染环境,研究复配重金属胁迫下小麦幼苗的生长情况、重金属Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn元素在小麦幼苗中的富集及转运情况。结果表明,从小麦幼苗生长的形态特征观察发现,随着复配重金属浓度的增加,小麦幼苗叶和根变得比对照组更粗壮,且叶变得叶比对照组更绿。尤其在中浓度G_(2)培养的小麦幼苗叶和根生长得最粗壮,叶也最绿。之后,小麦幼苗的叶和根系生长均受到了抑制,且差异显著(P<0.05),甚至根系生长扭曲变形。还发现,随着复配重金属浓度的增加,小麦幼苗中的Zn含量呈先增后降的趋势,增加到中浓度G_(2),小麦幼苗中的Zn含量最高。而小麦幼苗中的Fe、Cu、Mn含量变化不太规律,且Mn含量变化不显著。随着复配重金属浓度的增加,小麦幼苗对Zn、Fe的富集系数逐渐减小。小麦幼苗对Zn的生物富集系数和生物转运系数均显著高于Fe、Cu、Mn,且小麦幼苗对Zn具有很强的吸收富集能力,高浓度G_(3)培养的小麦幼苗中Zn迁移速度显著高于其它处理。To investigate the toxic effect of complex heavy metal stress on wheat,we cultured wheat in water and ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O,FeCl_(3),CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O and MnSO_(4)were added into the aqueous solution.Three different concentrations of mixed solutions(low concentration G1,medium concentration G_(2)and high concentration G_(3))were prepared to simulate the heavy metal pollution environment.The study investigated the growth and development of wheat seedlings,as well as the enrichment and transport of zinc(Zn),iron(Fe),copper(Cu),and manganese(Mn)in wheat seedlings under the influence of complex heavy metal stress.The results showed that the morphological characteristics of wheat seedling growth showed that with the increase of the concentration of complex heavy metals,the leaves and roots of wheat seedlings became stronger and greener than the control group.Especially,the wheat seedlings cultured in G_(2)medium concentration had the strongest leaves and roots and the greenest leaves.After that,the plant height and root growth of wheat seedlings were significantly inhibited,and the difference was significant(P<0.05),even the roots growth were distorted.From the heavy metal contents of wheat seedlings,with the increasing concentration of complex heavy metals,the contents of Zn in wheat seedlings increased firstly and then decreased.When the concentration of G_(2)increased,the contents of Zn wheat seedlings were the highest.However,the contents of Fe,Cu and Mn in wheat seedlings didn’t change regularly,and the contents of Mn didn’t change significantly.With the increase of the concentration of complex heavy metals,the enrichment coefficient of Zn and Fe in wheat seedlings decreased gradually.The bioenrichment coefficient and biotransport coefficient of Zn were significantly higher than that of Fe,Cu and Mn,and the absorption and enrichment ability of Zn in the seedling of wheat seedlings were very strong.The migration rate of Zn in wheat seedlings treated with G_(3)concentration were significantly higher than that other

关 键 词：重金属 小麦 富集 迁移 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]