大果榆叶斑病病原的鉴定  

Isolation and identification of the pathogen causing leaf spot on Ulmus macrocarpa

作　　者：谭晓倩 张莹 赵娟[1] 余知和[3] 王爽 秦文韬 TAN Xiaoqian;ZHANG Ying;ZHAO Juan;YU Zhihe;WANG Shuang;QIN Wentao(Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Administrative Office of the Summer Palace,Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks,Beijing 100091,China;College of Life Sciences,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所,北京100097 [2]北京市颐和园管理处,北京100091 [3]长江大学生命科学学院,荆州434025

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2023年第6期1272-1275,共4页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX201910);北京市公园管理中心科技课题(ZX2021002);北京市乡村振兴项目(BJXCZX20221229);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ202313)。

摘　　要：大果榆(Ulmus macrocarpa Hance),为榆科(Ulmaceae)榆属(Ulmus)落叶乔木或灌木,花果期一般4-5月份,榆钱比普通榆树的榆钱大,因此称为大果榆。作为北京乡土树种,大果榆具有耐寒、耐旱特点,适应性强,病虫害少,且具有不可替代的生态价值和独特的园林观赏价值[1]。在北京市海淀区颐和园内谐趣园涵远堂两侧的山坡上,生长在山石缝隙里的大果榆已形成特色植物景观,其姿态优美、枝繁叶茂,春夏时节绿树浓荫,秋季叶色由绿变黄、变红,色彩斑斓,令人震撼,是不可多得的“增彩延绿”乡土彩叶树种。Ulmus macrocarpa plays an important role in urban ecological construction as an important landscaping tree species.In September 2021,a severe outbreak of leaf spot was observed on U.macrocarpa in the Summer Palace,Beijing,China.The pathogen was isolated by tissue cultural method,and its pathogenicity was confirmed based on the Koch’s postulates.According to morphological features and phylogenetic analysis of rDNA-ITS,EF-1α,GAPDH and OPA10-2 genes,the pathogen was identified as Alternaria alternata.To our knowledge,this is the first report of A.alternata causing leaf spot on U.macrocarpa in China,which will provide scientific basis for effective control of the disease and enhancement of the landscape value of U.macrocarpa.

关 键 词：大果榆 乡土树种 花果期 叶斑病 谐趣园 榆属 病虫害 颐和园 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]