大变局下上海建设全球科技创新中心再审视:基于“知识合作”与“知识组合”的双重视角  

Reassessing Shanghai's Quest to Build a Global Innovative Center in the Era of Great Change:Dual Perspectives on"Knowledge Collaboration"and"Knowledge Combination"

作　　者：曹湛[1] 李卓欣 戴靓 彭震伟[4] CAO Zhan;LI Zhuoxin;DAI Liang;PENG Zhenwei

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院、自然资源部国土空间智能规划技术重点实验室 [2]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [3]南京财经大学公共管理学院 [4]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院、高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2023年第6期40-49,共10页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“长三角区域创新知识网络演化研究:结构特征、创新绩效与形成机制”(项目编号:52008298);国家自然科学基金面上项目“长三角城市群技术创新网络的多尺度演化机制与效应”(项目编号:42271212);上海市科委软科学项目“上海在全球城市创新网络中的演化特征——基于“知识网络”的新视角”(项目编号:23692116700)。

摘　　要：《上海市城市总体规划(2017—2035年)》提出建设“全球科技创新中心”的目标愿景。然而,自总规批复以来,在百年未有之大变局下,上海推进全球科技创新中心建设面临重大挑战。利用全球科技论文数据构建“全球知识合作网络”与“全球知识组合网络”,分析大变局时期上海在全球科创版图中的演变特征。结果显示:面对外部环境变化,上海在全球知识合作网络中的地位仍有显著提升,但与顶级全球科技创新中心相比尚存在差距;上海“两个扇面”功能发生结构性调整:外向度显著降低,内向度显著提升;上海在全球知识组合网络中占据核心位置,在传统工程应用领域具有显著比较优势,而在新兴前沿基础领域发展相对滞后;上海科技创新发展路径表现出“路径依赖”和“路径更新”并存的特征,但也存在“路径锁定”的风险。The Shanghai City Master Plan(2017-2035)has set forth the goal of building a Global Science and Technology Innovation Center(GSTIC).However,since the Plan's approval,profound changes not seen in a century have been accelerating.Shanghai faces significant challenges in realizing its GSTIC goal.Drawing on data from global scientific publications,this paper analyzes Shanghai's evolving characteristics in the global science and technology(S&T)landscape during this period of great change by constructing models of global network of knowledge collaboration and global network of knowledge combination.The analysis yields several key insights.Firstly,facing external environmental changes,Shanghai's position in the global network of knowledge collaboration has improved significantly,although gaps still exist between the city and top-tier global S&T innovation centers.Secondly.Shanghai's hinge'function has undergone structural adjustments,showing a marked decrease in outdegree and a notable increase in indegree.Thirdly,Shanghai occupies a pivotal position in the global network of knowledge combination,demonstrating strong comparative advantages in traditional realms of applied engineering while lagging behind in emerging frontier fields.Lastly,the development of Shanghai's S&T innovation capacity exhibits both path dependency and path regeneration while confronting a risk of path lock-in.

关 键 词：上海 全球科技创新中心 大变局 知识合作网络 知识组合网络 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]