基于梯度理论的北京通勤圈城市活力特征与影响机制研究  

Urban Vitality Characteristics and Impact Mechanisms in Beijing's Commuting Circle:AGradient Theory Perspective

作　　者：姜宇逍 陆毅 运迎霞[1] 任利剑 JIANG Yuxiao;LU Yi;YUN Yingxia;REN Lijian

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]香港城市大学建筑与土木工程系,中国香港

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2023年第6期50-58,共9页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“面向就业型规划分区的产业-交通-空间互动演化机制与协同路径研究:以天津为例(项目编号:52278070)”。

摘　　要：城市活力研究受到城市科学多个领域的广泛关注,然而现有研究主要集中于城区尺度,鲜有跨行政区尺度的活力研究。利用腾讯位置服务(LBS)数据,以北京通勤圈为例,通过构建城市活力度量指标,分析城市活力的多维度空间格局;依据活力潮汐足迹,划分北京通勤圈的活力梯度,并探索不同梯度地区的城市活力空间特征;利用空间回归模型进一步研究不同梯度地区城市活力水平的影响机制。研究发现:北京通勤圈形成了“一主一副多点”的活力空间格局;以北京中心城区为中心,划分高中低三个梯度区,其半径阈值分别为8—22 km、32—68 km和94—134 km;除奥森片区外,梯度水平与活力中心能级成正比,与其腹地范围成反比;除道路密度和土地利用混合度在各梯度地区都与活力水平显著正相关外,不同梯度地区城市活力的影响机制不同。通过揭示不同梯度地区的活力水平及其影响机制,可以从区域结构、城乡融合、交通组织、设施配套等方面提出更精确的规划策略,从而促进城乡高质量发展。Urban vibrancy research has received significant attention in the field of urban planning;however,existing studies mainly focus on the city scale,with only a few adopting a cross-jurisdiction perspective.Using Beijing commuting circle(BCC)as an case,this study utilizes Tencent LBS data to construct urban vitality metrics,aiming to gain a deeper understanding of the spatial pattern of urban vitality.Through an examination of the tidal footprint of vitality,BCC is divided into three gradients of high-,medium-,and low-vitality zones based on the tidal footprint,and the spatial characteristics of each zone are explored.Additionally,spatial regression models(SEM and SLM)are used to further investigate the impact mechanisms of urban vitality in different gradient zones.The key findings can be summarized into four points:Beijing,Tianjin,and a few other urban centers form a multicentric pattern of urban vibrancy within BCC.Using Tiananmen Square as the center,we divide BCC into three gradient zones with radius thresholds of 8-22 km,32-68 km,and 94-134 km,respectively.Except for the Olympic area,the energy level of vibrancy centers is positively correlated with the gradient level and negatively correlated with the extent of their hinterland.Except for road density and land use mix,which exhibit significant positive correlations with the vitality level in all gradient zones,urban vitality is influenced by different factors in different gradient zones.The paper concludes by suggesting that targeted planning strategies should be adopted based on the vitality level and influencing factors.

关 键 词：城市活力 梯度理论 北京通勤圈 建成环境 影响机制 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]