面向主从区块链的多级索引构建方法  

A Multi-Level Index Construction Method for Master-Slave Blockchain

作　　者：王俊陆[1] 张桂月 杜立宽 李素 陈廷伟[1] Wang Junlu;Zhang Guiyue;Du Likuan;Li Su;Chen Tingwei(School of Information,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学信息学院,沈阳110036

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2024年第3期799-807,共9页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0901004);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH2/101300250);数字辽宁智造强省专项资金(数字经济方向)(13031307053000568);辽宁省中央引导地方科技发展资金计划项目(2022JH6/100100032);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2022-KF-13-06)。

摘　　要：主从区块链是一种面向领域的、采用高效密码学原理进行大数据可信化通信及存储的新型信息处理技术.随着领域数据规模的指数级增长,现有主从区块链系统存在的查询效率低、溯源时间长等问题愈发严重.针对这些问题,提出一种面向主从区块链的多级索引构建方法(multi-level index construction method for master-slave blockchain,MSMLI).首先,MSMLI引入权重矩阵,基于主链结构将整个主从区块链进行分片,并对各个分片进行权重赋值;其次,针对每个分片内的主区块链,提出基于跳跃一致性哈希的主链索引构建方法(master chain index construction method based on jump consistent Hash,JHMI),输入节点关键值和索引槽位数量,输出主链索引;最后,引入布隆过滤器,改进基于列的选择函数,对各个主区块对应的从属区块链构建2级复合索引.在3种约束条件和2类数据集上的实验结果表明,MSMLI对比现有方法,平均能够缩减9.28%的索引构建时间,提升12.07%的查询效率,同时降低24.4%的内存开销.Master-slave blockchain is a novel information processing technology that is domain-oriented and uses efficient cryptography principles for trustworthy communication and storage of big data.With the exponential growth of the scale of domain data,the existing master-slave blockchain system has increasingly serious problems such as low query efficiency and long traceability time.To address these issues,we propose a multi-level index construction method for master-slave blockchain(MSMLI).Firstly,MSMLI introduces a weight matrix and partitions the entire master-slave blockchain based on the master chain structure,and the weight of each partition is assigned.Secondly,for the master blockchain in each partition,a master chain index construction method based on jump consistent Hash(JHMI)is proposed,which takes the key value of the nodes and the number of index slots as input and outputs the master chain index.Finally,a Bloom filter is introduced to improve the column-based selection function and a secondary composite index on the subordinate blockchain corresponding to each master block is built.Experimental results on three constraint conditions and two types of datasets demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the index construction time by an average of 9.28%,improves the query efficiency by 12.07%,and reduces the memory overhead by 24.4%.

关 键 词：区块链 索引 分片 跳跃一致性哈希 改进布隆过滤器 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]