熔喷聚乳酸/聚偏氟乙烯电晕驻极空气过滤材料电荷存储与过滤性能相关性研究  

Study on correlation between charge storage and filtration performance of meltblown polylactic acid/polyvinylidene fluoride electret air filter materials

作　　者：杨奇 刘高慧 黄琪帏 胡睿 丁彬 俞建勇 王先锋 LIU Gaohui;HUANG Qiwei;HU Rui;DING Bin;YU Jianyong;WANG Xianfeng(College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学纺织科技创新中心,上海201620

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第1期12-22,共11页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52273052);上海市科学技术委员会“科技创新行动计划”“一带一路”国际合作项目(21130750100)。

摘　　要：针对空气颗粒物污染问题,为实现对空气中PM 2.5以及其它有害颗粒物的高效过滤,从而达到保护人体生命健康的目的,将介电性与极性良好的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)与生物可降解的聚乳酸(PLA)熔融共混,并经过熔喷纺丝工艺结合电晕驻极,制备出具有纤维直径细、孔径小、过滤效率高、过滤阻力低的环境友好型驻极体空气过滤材料。通过系统研究PVDF对PLA电晕驻极体空气过滤材料的结晶行为、电荷存储性能及其机制与过滤性能之间的关系,发现PVDF的引入对PLA/PVDF熔喷非织造布纤维的结晶性能具有重要影响,可使PLA结晶速度加快,结晶度增加。PLA/PVDF电晕驻极熔喷布的初始表面静电势高达3 kV以上,热刺激放电测试峰值更高,电荷存储量有明显提升。特别地,在85 L/min纺丝流速下测试,PLA/PVDF单层电晕驻极熔喷非织造布过滤性可达85%,过滤阻力小于40 Pa,相较于未添加PVDF的电晕驻极熔喷非织造布过滤效率提升20%以上;探讨了电晕驻极后PLA/PVDF熔喷非织造布的电荷存储机制,发现PLA/PVDF熔喷非织造布的电荷存储性能提升最终使过滤性能提高。Objective Under the background of the continuous aggravation of air particulate matter pollution,in order to achieve efficient filtration of PM 2.5 and other harmful particulate matters in the air to achieve the purpose of protecting human life and health,polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)with good dielectric and polarity was compounded with biodegradable polylactic acid(PLA),so as to prepare an environmentally friendly electret air filter material with fine fiber diameter,small pore size,high filtration efficiency and low filtration resistance.And the influence of PVDF on the crystallization behavior,charge storage performance and the relationship between the mechanism and filtration performance of PLA corona electret air filtration material was investigated.Method The melt-blown nonwovens were prepared by melt blending with PLA as the substrate and PVDF as the electret additive material.The convenient and efficient corona electret process was adopted to greatly improve the filtration efficiency of the prepared PLA/PVDF melt-blown nonwovens of through electrostatic adsorption without increasing the filtration resistance.The influence of PVDF on the crystal structure of PLA and the change of crystallinity were studied by X-ray diffractometer.The influence of PVDF on the crystallization process of PLA was studied by hot stage polarizing microscope,and the charge storage performance was studied by thermally stimulated discharge tester.Results By introducing an appropriate amount of PVDF(PLA/0.3%PVDF melt-blown nonwovens),the melt-blown nonwovens fiber is more uniform,the fiber network structure is more dense,the pores are more,the pore size is smaller,and the diameter is finer to 2.60μm.It was found by X-ray diffractometer that the introduction of PVDF made the crystallization of PLA more orderly.The crystallinity of PLA/0.3%PVDF melt-blown fabric was the highest,reaching 16.99%.It was found by hot stage polarizing microscope that the introduction of PVDF significantly accelerated the crystallization rate of PLA.The te

关 键 词：空气过滤材料 驻极体 熔喷 电晕驻极 聚乳酸 聚偏氟乙烯 

分 类 号：TS174.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]