2019—2022年上海市静安区学校结核病密接筛查及学校卫生教师结核病知识知晓情况调查  

Tuberculosis Intensive Screening in Schools and Tuberculosis Information Awareness among School Health Teachers in Jing’an District from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：李智红 顾凯侃[1] 张怀庆[1] 韩志英[1] 姚晶 Li Zhihong;Gu Kaikan;Zhang Huaiqing;Han Zhiying;Yao Jing(Jing’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai,200072,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市静安区疾病预防控制中心,上海200072

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第2期104-107,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：上海市疾病预防控制青年骨干人才培养项目(22QNGG25);上海市静安区卫生健康委员会公共卫生项目(2023GW03)。

摘　　要：目的:了解上海市静安区学校结核病防控工作现状,为完善学生结核病防治策略提供理论依据。方法:通过静安区学校肺结核登记本,汇总2019—2022年学校或家庭地址位于静安区的学生肺结核患者及结核病密切接触者的相关信息,分析学校结核病流行特征、密切接触者结核感染率等;对静安区托幼机构、小学、初中、高中及中专的学校卫生教师开展问卷调查,了解其对学校结核病相关知识的知晓程度。结果:2019—2022年静安区共发生学校结核病54例,其中,托幼机构、小学、初中、高中学生共17例,大学生25例,托幼机构、小学、初中教职员工12例;主要为因症就诊,共40例。2019—2022年静安区共筛查学校结核病患者密切接触者735人,其中,接受结核感染筛查679人,发现结核潜伏感染阳性63人,潜伏感染阳性率为9.28%(63/679)。其中,托幼机构儿童、学生感染阳性率为7.44%(43/578),教职员工感染阳性率为19.80%(20/101)。符合预防性服药标准且应服药者服药率为13.64%(6/44)。接受调查的202名卫生教师对学校结核病核心信息总知晓率为65.10%,对结核感染核心信息总知晓率为53.34%。结论:静安区学生结核病患者主动发现比例、潜伏感染阳性者预防性服药比例以及学校卫生教师结核病信息知晓率均较低,学校结核病防治相关工作仍需加强。OBJECTIVE To understand the deficiencies of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools in Jing’an District of Shanghai,and to provide theoretical basis for improving the strategies of tuberculosis prevention and control among students.METH⁃ODS Through the school tuberculosis journal of Jing’an district,the relevant information of students with tuberculosis and their close contacts in Jing’an district from 2019 to 2022 were collected,and the characteristics of the school tuberculosis epidemic and the in⁃fection rate of close contacts were analyzed.A questionnaire survey was conducted among school health teachers in kindergartens,primary schools,junior middle schools,senior high schools and vocational schools in Jing’an district to find out their knowledge of TB and latent TB infection in schools.RESULTS From 2019 to 2022,a total of 54 cases of school tuberculosis occurred in Jing’an district,including 17 cases among students in kindergartens,primary schools,junior high schools and senior high schools,25 cases among college students,and 12 cases among teaching staff in kindergartens,primary schools and junior high schools.Mainly due to illness,a total of 40 cases.From 2019 to 2022,a total of 735 close contacts of school TB patients were screened in Jing’an dis⁃trict,of which 679 were screened for TB infection,and 63 were found to be positive for TB latent infection,with a positive rate of 9.28%(63/679).Among them,the positive rate of infection in children and students in kindergartens was 7.44%(43/578),and the positive rate of infection in teaching staff was 19.80%(20/101).The rate of people who met the standard of preventive medicine and should take medicine was 13.64%(6/44).Among 202 health teachers surveyed,the total awareness rate of core information about tu⁃berculosis was 65.10%and the total awareness rate of core information about tuberculosis infection was 53.34%.CONCLUSION In Jing’an district,the proportion of students with TB actively detected,the proportion of latent infection p

关 键 词：学校 结核病 密切接触者 卫生教师 知晓率 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]