三相鼠笼异步电动机无传感器转速检测技术及其适应性  

Techniques and Its Adaptability for Sensorless Speed Detection of Three-Phase Squirrel Cage Asynchronous Motor

作　　者：陈佳炜 郑激 孔建会 陈家新[1] CHEN Jiawei;ZHENG Ji;KONG Jianhui;CHEN Jiaxin(College of Mechanical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学机械工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海航天机电工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》2024年第1期102-114,共13页东华大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：Textile Light Foundation Research Fund Project,China (No.JS201505)。

摘　　要：针对三相鼠笼异步电机无位置传感器快速傅立叶变换(fast Fourier transformation,FFT)测速方法需要预先知道转子槽数,且测试精度易受噪声干扰和采集时长等因素的影响,提出一种基于奇异值分解-Prony(singular value decomposition-Prony,SVD-Prony)算法的无位置传感器高精度转速测量技术。运用电机学相关理论,研究转子槽谐波测速机理,并给出整数倍率转子槽数的计算方法。在分析并明确定子电流噪声影响和FFT法存在检测精度受采样时长限制等问题的基础上,研究基于奇异值增长率的SVD滤波方法和用于辨识转子槽谐波的Prony算法,并以Y160M-4型电机为研究对象,在不同运行状态下对该技术的适应性进行分析。在此基础上,构建相关物理测试平台,对YE90S-2型电机进行实测。结果表明,在相同采集情况下,所提方法测试绝对误差仅为FFT测速方法的几分之一,检测精度大幅提高。For the three-phase squirrel cage asynchronous motor sensorless fast Fourier transformation(FFT)speed measurement method,the number of rotor slots needs to be known in advance,and the test accuracy is easily affected by factors such as noise and acquisition time.Therefore,a sensorless high-precision speed detection method based on singular value decomposition(SVD)and the Prony algorithm is proposed.Based on the study of the mechanism of rotor slot harmonic speed measurement,the calculation method of integer multiple rotor slot number is given.The SVD method based on the singular value growth rate curve is used to filter the stator current and the Prony algorithm is used to identify the rotor slot harmonics to calculate the motor speed.By using finite element and numerical simulation methods,the adaptability of the proposed algorithm and analog-to-digital(A/D)acquisition is analyzed and studied under different operating conditions of the motor.The physical test platform is constructed and the YE90S-2 motor is measured.Simulation and experiment results show that under the same acquisition condition,the absolute error of the proposed method is only a fraction or even one tenth of the FFT speed measurement,and the test accuracy is greatly improved,which proves the correctness and accuracy of the proposed method.

关 键 词：三相鼠笼异步电动机 无传感器转速检测 转子槽谐波 SVD-Prony算法 

分 类 号：TM343.3[电气工程—电机]