基于文化生态视角的草原聚落遗产空间演变特征与机理研究——以新疆琼库什台村为例  

Research on the Characteristics and Mechanisms of Spatial Evolution of Grassland Settlement Heritage Based on Cultural and Ecological Perspectives:Taking Qiongkushitai Village in Xinjiang as an Example

作　　者：张龄之 张立[1,2] 塞尔江·哈力克 ZHANG Lingzhi;ZHANG Li;Saierjiang Halike

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]中国城市规划学会小城镇规划分会 [3]新疆大学建筑工程学院

出　　处：《小城镇建设》2024年第3期112-119,128,共9页DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS

基　　金：上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司课题“乡级国土空间规划编制技术研究”(编号:KY-2020-YB-B03)。

摘　　要：传统村落是历史的鲜活见证和重要的文化遗产,新疆传统村落因多民族长期聚居产生的文化交融而独具特色。其中,游牧民族传统村落坐落于高山草原之上,自然环境与生产生活之间的互动与融合驱动着村落的演变,动态记录着村落的生产生活图景,是生产生活方式变迁的重要见证,发展至今已成为重要的草原聚落遗产。文化生态学认为,文化与自然环境是相互依存的系统,文化是不断适应环境而变迁的过程。据此,文章基于文化生态视角,以游牧民族草原聚落遗产新疆维吾尔自治区伊梨州特克斯县喀拉达拉镇琼库什台村为例,基于“自然—社会—经济—人居”的四要素体系构建空间演变的认知框架,从形成、结构、规模、品质4个维度解析空间演变特征,分析其形成机理,以期为游牧民族草原聚落遗产的保护和发展提供启示借鉴。Traditional villages are the living testimony of history and important cultural heritage.And traditional villages in Xinjiang are unique because of the cultural integration generated by multi-ethnic groups living together for a long time.Among them,the traditional villages of the nomadic people are located on the high mountain s and grasslands,and the interaction and integration between the natural environment and production and life patterns have driven the evolution of the villages,dynamically record the scenes of production and life in the village,which is an important testimony to the changes in the production and living styles.Nowadays,it has developed into a grassland settlement heritage.According to cultural ecology,culture and the natural environment are interdependent systems,and culture is a process of constantly adapting to the environment.Therefore,based on the perspective of cultural ecology,taking the nomadic grassland settlement heritage Qiongkushitai Village,Kaladala Town,Tex County,Yili Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as an example,the cognitive framework of spatial evolution is constructed on the basis of the four-factor system of'nature society-economy-habitat'.And the characteristics of spatial evolution are analyzed from four aspects of formation,structure,scale,and quality.Then this paper analyzes the characteristics of spatial evolution from four dimensions,that is formation,structure,scale,and quality.Also,the formation mechanism be analyzed finally.It is hoped that this study will provide inspiring references for the preservation and development of the heritage of grassland settlements.

关 键 词：草原聚落遗产 文化生态 演变特征 演变机理 新疆琼库什台村 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]