2018—2022年安徽省某三甲医院儿科住院疾病特点分析  

Characteristics of pediatric inpatients in a tertiary hospital in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：张盼盼 陈磊 高波 Zhang Panpan;Chen Lei;Gao Bo(Taihe Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Fuyang 236607,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学附属太和中医院,安徽阜阳236607

出　　处：《中国医院统计》2024年第1期50-55,共6页Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics

摘　　要：目的分析安徽省某三甲医院儿科近5年住院患儿疾病分布特点,为该院儿科医疗资源动态配置和学科发展提供依据。方法依据《国家临床版2.0诊断编码(ICD-10)》进行疾病分类,以该院2018—2022年儿科患儿住院病例作为原始资料,借助Excel 16.0和SPSS 26.0统计分析软件,回顾性分析住院患儿性别、年龄、季节分布特征和疾病构成等。结果2018—2022年,儿科累计收治患儿35714例,男女比例1.51∶1,住院患儿性别分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.472,P<0.001)。从整体上看,婴儿期患儿最多(42.26%),但总体上婴儿期住院患儿比例呈逐年下降的趋势;冬季住院患儿占比最高(30.57%),其次是夏季(24.04%),春季(23.27%)和秋季(22.12%);前5类住院疾病分别是呼吸系统疾病(51.21%),起源于围生期的某些情况(15.75%),某些传染病和寄生虫病(11.81%),消化系统疾病(8.87%)和神经系统疾病(4.36%);前5位疾病顺位存在年度和季节差异(P<0.001),呼吸系统疾病在各年度均处于疾病顺位第1位;呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期的某些情况和消化系统疾病冬季占比均最高。结论应该视季节变化动态调整儿科医疗资源配置,同时提高不同性别和年龄患儿常见病和多发病的诊疗技术和护理水平,加强儿科重点疾病管理和学科建设。Objective To analyze the disease distribution of pediatric inpatients in a tertiary hospital in the past five years,and to provide basis for the dynamic allocation of pediatric medical resources and the development of the discipline.Methods According to the National Clinical Edition 2.0 diagnosis code(ICD-10),the diseases were classified,and the hospitalized pediatric patients from 2018 to 2022 were taken as the original data.Excel 16.0 and SPSS 26.0 statistical analysis software were used to analyze gender,age,seasonal distribution and disease composition of hospitalized children retrospectively.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 35714 pediatric patients were admitted,with a male to female ratio of 1.51∶1.There was a gender difference in the distribution of hospitalized children(χ^(2)=20.472,P<0.001).On the whole,the infants were the most(42.26%),but the proportion of hospitalized infants was decreasing year by year,and the proportion of hospitalized infants in winter was the highest(30.57%),followed by summer(24.04%),spring(23.27%)and autumn(22.12%).The first five kinds of diseases were respiratory system diseases(51.21%),some diseases originated from perinatal period(15.75%),some infectious diseases and parasitic diseases(11.81%),gastrointestinal disease diseases(8.87%)and neurological disorder diseases(4.36%).There were annual and seasonal differences in the order of the first five diseases(P<0.001).Respiratory diseases,conditions originating in the perinatal period,and gastrointestinal disease in winter all accounted for the highest proportion.Conclusion The hospital should dynamically adjust the allocation of pediatric medical resources according to the seasonal changes,and improve the diagnosis and treatment techniques and nursing level of common and frequently-occurring diseases in children of different genders and ages,to strengthen the management of key pediatric diseases and discipline construction.

关 键 词：2018—2022年 安徽省 三甲医院 儿科 疾病分布 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]