2016—2021年湖北省百日咳流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Hubei Province in 2016-2021

作　　者：向泉 刘娟 王雷[4] 王四全[4] 刘娜[4] XIANG Quan;LIU Juan;WANG Lei;WANG Siquan;LIU Na(Hubei Provincial Field Epidemiology Training Program,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China;Jingzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jingzhou,Hubei 434000,China;Tongcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xianning,Hubei 437000,China;Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省一线人员现场流行病学培训项目,湖北武汉430079 [2]湖北省荆州市疾病预防控制中心,湖北荆州434000 [3]湖北省通城县疾病预防控制中心,湖北咸宁437000 [4]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第2期87-90,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解湖北省2016—2021年百日咳的流行病学特征及现状。方法 收集2016—2021年湖北省百日咳发病资料和病例免疫史资料并开展描述性流行病学分析。结果 湖北省2016—2021年共报告百日咳病例1 236例,年均报告发病率为0.35/10万;其中≤5岁年龄组百日咳年均报告发病率为6.22/10万,<1岁年龄组年均报告发病率最高(21.51/10万);2020年以来,幼托儿童和学生病例构成比明显升高;在已知免疫史的1 111名病例中,未到接种年龄者占17.55%,未接种疫苗者占41.85%,已完成全程接种者占17.46%。结论 2016年以来湖北省百日咳发病呈上升态势,未到疫苗接种年龄和达到接种年龄后,未按照免疫程序及时接种的婴幼儿发病风险高。应提高适龄儿童接种百白破疫苗的及时性及接种率,降低婴幼儿的百日咳发病风险,此外对幼托儿童和学生群体中的百日咳流行情况予以更多关注。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and current situation of pertussis in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2021.Methods Data on the incidence of pertussis and immunization history of cases in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2021 were collected and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted.Results From 2016 to 2021,a total of 1236 pertussis cases were reported in Hubei Province,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 0.35/100000.The average annual reported incidence of pertussis in the age group≤5 years old was 6.22/100000,and the age group<1 year old reported the highest annual incidence rate(21.51/100000).The proportion of pertussis among preschool children and students had increased significantly since 2020.Among the 1111 cases with a known immunization history,17.55%were under the age of vaccination,41.85%were not vaccinated,and 17.46%had completed the whole course of vaccination.Conclusion Since 2016,the incidence of pertussis in Hubei Province has been on the rise.The risk of pertussis is higher in infants and young children who have not reached the age of vaccination and who have not been vaccinated in time according to the immunization program after reaching the age of vaccination.The timeliness and vaccination rate of DTP vaccine should be improved to reduce the risk of pertussis in infants and young children.In addition,more attention should be paid to the prevalence of pertussis among preschool children and students.

关 键 词：疫苗 百日咳 发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]