资阳地区儿童链球菌性咽炎临床分布特点与季节气候的关系  

Correlation between clinical distribution characteristics of streptococcal pharyngitis in children and seasonal variations in Ziyang Area

作　　者：张敏 付学明[2] 周瑞 ZHANG Min;FU Xueming;ZHOU Rui(Department of Pediatrics,Ziyang First People′s Hospital,Ziyang,Sichuan 641300,China;Respiratory Department of Children′s Hospital Affiliated of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400015,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省资阳市第一人民医院儿科,四川资阳641300 [2]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸科,重庆400015

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第2期106-109,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 研究资阳地区儿童链球菌性咽炎临床分布特点与季节气候的相关性,为防治儿童链球菌性咽炎疾病提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机方式对2022年1月至2023年1月资阳市第一人民医院就诊的583例链球菌性咽炎患儿进行调查,收集其临床资料,并对患儿进行咽拭子链球菌培养;统计每季节链球菌性咽炎发病例数,记录同期的平均气压、温度、降雨量及风速;采用Pearson法分析单个气候因素与链球菌性咽炎发病的相关性。结果 583例患儿中男童329例、女童254例;发病年龄主要为7~12岁,共227例(38.94%),其次为3~6岁199例(34.13%),1~2岁126例(21.61%),<1岁31例(5.32%);链球菌培养检出614株病原菌,主要为溶血性链球菌,共479株,占比78.01%,其次为化脓性链球菌,共175株,占比28.50%。患儿春季发病192例、夏季51例、秋季72例、冬季268例;资阳地区春冬季平均风速、气压更高,夏秋季平均气温、降雨量更高。经Pearson相关性分析,患儿发病与平均风速、气压呈正相关(P<0.05),与平均温度、降雨量呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 资阳地区链球菌性咽炎多发于5岁以上儿童,主要病原菌为溶血性链球菌,春冬季节发病,与该地区季节气候密切相关。Objective To explore the correlation between clinical distribution characteristics of streptococcal pharyngitis in children and seasonal variations in Ziyang area,so as to provide basis for disease prevention and control.Methods A multistage and stratified random sampling technique was used to investigate 583 children with streptococcal pharyngitis attending Ziyang first people′s Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023.The clinical data were recorded.The pharyngeal specimens were cultured for streptococci test.The number of streptococcal pharyngitis cases per season was counted.The metereological conditions(average barometric pressure,temperature,rainfall,and wind speed)were recorded.Pearson method was used to discuss the correlation between metereological factors and streptococcal pharyngitis onset.Results A total of the 583 children,329 were male and 254 were female.The main age of onset was 7-12 years old,with a total of 227 cases(38.94%),followed by 199 cases(34.13%)aged 3-6 years old,126 cases(21.61%)aged 1-2 years old,and 31 cases(5.32%)under 1 year old.A total of 614 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,of which 479 strains of streptococcus hemolyticus were dominant,accounting for 78.01%,followed by 175 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes,accounting for 28.50%.Seasonally,192 cases of streptococcal pharyngitis occurred in spring,51 in summer,72 in autumn and 268 in winter.In Ziyang,spring and winter were characterized by high mean wind speeds and barometric pressure,while summer and autumn were characterized by high mean temperatures and heavy rainfall.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the prevalence rate streptococcal pharyngitis was positively correlated with average wind speed and barometric pressure(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with mean temperature and rainfall(P<0.05).Conclusion In Ziyang,streptococcal pharyngitis occurs mostly in children over 5 years old,and the main pathogen is Streptococcus hemolyticus.The onset of the disease is mostly in spring and winter,which is closel

关 键 词：儿童 链球菌性咽炎 季节气候 分布特点 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]