475例肺炎患者痰细菌培养及其耐药性的分析  

Sputum bacterial culture and drug resistance of 475 patients with pneumonia

作　　者：刘颖 LIU Ying(Department of Laboratory,Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Neijiang,Sichuan 641000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省内江市中医医院检验科,四川内江641000

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第2期141-143,共3页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解肺炎痰培养病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床抗菌药物合理应用提供依据。方法 收集475例痰细菌培养阳性患者临床资料,统计痰培养分离的病原菌种类及耐药情况。结果 475例肺炎患者痰培养革兰阴性菌344株(63.82%),以肺炎克雷伯菌(79株,14.66%)为主,革兰阳性菌195株(36.18%),以肺炎链球菌(70株,12.99%)为主。肺炎克雷伯菌对氨曲南、左氧氟沙星、阿米卡星、亚胺培南、厄他培南敏感率较高,肺炎链球菌对头孢匹罗、左氧氟沙星、亚胺培南、厄他培南敏感率较高。结论 内江市中医医院患者肺炎常见致病菌包括肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌,各病原菌对常见抗菌药物存在不同程度耐药性,治疗时应结合病原菌种类及药敏结果合理使用抗菌药物。Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in sputum culture of pneumonia,and to provide evidence for the rational application of clinical antibacterial drugs.Methods The clinical data of 475 patients with positive sputum bacterial culture admitted to department of respiratory medicine of Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to May 2023 were collected.The types and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from sputum culture were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 539 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the sputum culture of 475 patients with pneumonia,including 344 strains(63.82%)of Gram-negative bacteria[mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae(79 strains,14.66%)]and 195 strains(36.18%)of Gram-positive bacteria[mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae(70 strains,12.99%)].Klebsiella pneumoniae was highly sensitive to aztreonam,levofloxacin,amikacin,imipenem,and ertapenem,with the sensitivity rates of 94.67%,92.41%,94.87%,96.00%and 98.67%respectively.Streptococcus pneumoniae was absolutely sensitive to teicoplanin,vancomycin and linezolid,and was highly sensitive to cefpirome,levofloxacin,imipenem and ertapenem,with the sensitivity rates of 94.29%,91.43%,97.14%and 98.48%.Conclusions The common pathogenic bacteria of patients with pneumonia in Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine include Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae.Various pathogenic bacteria have different degrees of resistance to common antibacterial drugs.It is necessary to combine with the types and drug susceptibility results of pathogenic bacteria for the rational application of antibacterial drugs.

关 键 词：细菌性肺炎 痰培养 病原菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]