种植年限对头花蓼土壤微生物群落的影响  

Effect of planting years on soil microbial community of Polygonum capitatum

作　　者：杨玲 魏升华 杜富强 严福林 朱勋翠 安江勇 YANG Ling;WEI Sheng-hua;DU Fu-qiang;YAN Fu-lin;ZHU Xun-cui;AN Jiang-yong(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China;Xingqian Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学药学院,贵阳550025 [2]兴黔科技发展有限公司,贵阳550025

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第1期66-74,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合支撑(2020)4Y112号];贵州省中药材现代产业技术体系建设项目(GZCYTX 2019⁃2024⁃0203);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目[黔科中引地(2022)4016]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同种植年限头花蓼土壤微生物(细菌和真菌)群落组成及物种多样性的变化趋势,从土壤微生物的角度探究其连作障碍机制,为贵州头花蓼产业的可持续发展提供理论依据。【方法】采用Illumina测序技术,以头花蓼与玉米轮作地块土壤为对照(CK),通过对头花蓼连续种植2年(T2)、3年(T3)和4年(T4)地块土壤微生物进行测序分析,研究种植年限对头花蓼土壤微生物群落的影响。【结果】随连作年限增加,细菌群落丰度呈上升趋势,丰度从1620.30升至1787.22,物种多样性逐渐趋于平稳;真菌群落丰度呈下降趋势,丰度从635.00降至612.89,物种多样性变化不大。细菌群落:门水平下,变形菌门与酸杆菌门为优势菌群,相对丰度总占比>64%;变形菌门相对丰度显著降低(从40.80%降至34.80%),酸杆菌门显著增加(从24.20%升至29.10%);变形菌门(40.80%、40.20%、37.60%和34.80%)、浮霉菌门(1.50%、1.50%、2.60%和2.50%)在不同连作年限间相对丰度存在显著差异;属水平下,uncultured_bacterium_c_Subgroup_6所占比例最大,为10.66%~20.50%。真菌群落:门水平下,子囊菌门和担子菌门为优势菌群,其相对丰度总占比>61%,较CK逐年下降;被孢霉门和壶菌门在连作第4年(T_(4))几乎完全消失。属水平下,被孢霉属占比最大,为2.66%~14.30%,在连作第3年(T3)出现多孢囊霉属真菌。【结论】连作加大了头花蓼土壤中微生物群落差异。随着连续种植年限增加,变形菌门细菌、被孢霉门被孢霉属真菌等相对丰度逐渐降低,酸杆菌门细菌、子囊菌门镰刀菌属真菌等相对丰度逐渐增加,可能是头花蓼连作障碍发生的原因之一。【Objective】The study aimed to investigate the change trend of soil microbial(bacteria and fungi)community composition and species diversity of Polygonum capitatum in different planting years,and to explore the obstacles mechanism of continuous cropping from the perspective of soil microorganisms,thus provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of P.capitatum industry in Guizhou prov⁃ince.【Method】Illumina sequencing technology was used to study the effects of planting years on soil microbial community of P.capitatum,using P.capitatum and corn crop rotation plots as CK,the soil microorganisms of P.capitatum as continuously planted for 2 years(T2),3 years(T3)and 4 years(T4)were sequenced and analyzed.【Result】With the increase of continuous cropping years,the abundance of bac⁃terial community increased from 1620.30 to 1787.22,and the species diversity gradually stabilized.While the fungal community abundance decreased from 635.00 to 612.89,and species diversity changed little.At the level of bacterial community,Proteobacteria and Acidobacte⁃ria were the dominant bacterial groups,and their relative abundance accounted for more than 64%.With the increase of continuous cropping years,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased significantly(from 40.80%to 34.80%),and Acidobacteria increased significant⁃ly(from 24.20%to 29.10%).The relative abundance of Proteobacteria(40.80%,40.20%,37.60%and 34.80%)and Planctomyce⁃tes(1.50%,1.50%,2.60%and 2.50%)were significantly different in different continuous cropping years.At the genus level,the pro⁃portion of uncultured_bacterium_c_Subgroup_6 was the largest,ranging from 10.66%to 20.50%.At phylum level,Ascomycota and Basid⁃iomycetes were the dominant fungi groups,and their relative abundance accounted for more than 61%,which decreased year by year com⁃pared with CK.Mortierellomycota and Chytridomycetes almost disappeared after the fourth year of continuous cropping(T_(4)).At the genus level,Mortierella accounted for the largest propor

关 键 词：头花蓼 连作 连作障碍 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]