新疆阿克苏地区鸭源鸡杆菌的分离鉴定和生物学特性分析  

Isolation,Identification and Biological Characteristics Analysis of Gallibacterium anatis Strain from Aksu Region,Xinjiang

作　　者：郝斌 张家浩 黎双 李雪娇 陈鑫 刘淑华[1,2,3] 梁樊鑫 侯梦哲 李莲瑞 HAO Bin;ZHANG Jiahao;LI Shuang;LI Xuejiao;CHEN Xin;LIU Shuhua;LIANG Fanxin;HOU Mengzhe;LI Lianrui(School of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Corps Key Laboratory,Alar 843300,China;Engineering Laboratory of Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control,Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木动物疫病诊断与防控工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第2期46-53,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：兵团塔里木动物疫病诊断与工程实验室项目(ELDC202205)。

摘　　要：为确定引起新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区某鸡场蛋鸡产蛋量下降和死亡的原因,本试验对采集自该鸡场病鸡的组织进行细菌分离和培养,对分离菌株进行形态学观察、生化鉴定和16S rRNA序列鉴定,并进行药敏试验和动物回归试验。结果显示,从病鸡病料中分离获得1株革兰阴性杆菌;生化试验结果显示,该分离菌株能分解乳糖和果糖等,过氧化氢酶、甘露醇和氧化酶等反应呈阳性;16S rRNA基因核苷酸序列系统进化树分析显示,该分离菌株与鸭源鸡杆菌同源性>99.9%;药敏试验结果显示,该分离菌株对四环素、氯霉素和环丙沙星等10种抗菌药耐药;动物回归试验结果显示,23周龄开产母鸡经生殖道接种分离菌株后采食量减少、产蛋量下降,剖检主要表现为输卵管炎、卵泡充血和变形等生殖道病变,与自然发病鸡一致;同居雏鸡与人工感染雏鸡分别在同居第2天和人工感染后第4天,可从上颚裂中分离出鸭源鸡杆菌,注射高浓度分离菌株可致雏鸡死亡。结果表明,引起该鸡场蛋鸡产蛋量下降和死亡的病原为鸭源鸡杆菌。本试验结果为治疗和防控鸭源鸡杆菌提供借鉴,为鸭源鸡杆菌的进一步研究提供了参考材料。In order to determine the cause of decreased egg production and death in laying hens at a chicken farm in Aksu,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,bacterial isolation and culture were performed on tissues collected from diseased chickens.The isolated strains underwent morphological observation,biochemical identification,and 16S rRNA sequence identification,drug sensitivity tests and animal regression experiments.The results showed that one strain of Gram-negative bacillus was isolated from the diseased chicken material.Biochemical tests indicated that the isolated strain could ferment lactose and fructose,and showed positive reactions for catalase,mannitol,and oxidase.Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence evolutionary tree demonstrated that the isolated strain shared more than 99.9%homology with Gallibacterium anatis.Drug sensitivity tests revealed that the isolated strain was resistant to ten antibiotics,including tetracycline,chloramphenicol,and ciprofloxacin.Animal regression experiments showed that 23-week-old laying hens inoculated with the isolated strain through the reproductive tract exhibited decreased feed intake and egg production,and postmortem examinations revealed lesions such as salpingitis,congested and deformed follicles,consistent with observations in naturally infected chickens.Co-housed chicks and artificially infected chicks showed the isolation of Gallibacterium anatis from the cleft on the second day of cohabitation and the fourth day post-infection,respectively.Injection of a high concentration of the isolated strain resulted in the death of chicks.The results indicated that the pathogen causing decreased egg production and death in chickens at the farm was Gallibacterium anatis.This study provides insights for the treatment and control of Gallibacterium anatis and serves as reference material for further research on this pathogen.

关 键 词：鸭源鸡杆菌 分离与鉴定 16S rRNA 耐药性分析 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]