成虫体型大小对花绒寄甲生殖及后代发育的影响  

Effects of Adult Body Size on Reproductive Fitness and Offspring Development in Dastarcus helophoroides(Fairmaire)

作　　者：郭舟 王欽召 彭观地 钟辉辉 张江涛 罗致迪 陈元生 刘兴平[1] GUO Zhou;WANG Qinzhao;PENG Guandi;ZHONG Huihui;ZHANG Jiangtao;LUO Zhidi;CHEN Yuansheng;LIU Xingping(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration in Poyang Lake Watershed/School of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Forest Pest Management and Quarantine Center,Nanchang 330077,China;Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院/鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室,南昌330045 [2]江西省林业有害生物检验检疫中心,南昌330077 [3]江西省环境工程职业学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2024年第1期33-43,共11页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760106);江西省林业局科技创新专项(201910)。

摘　　要：为了明确成虫体型大小对花绒寄甲生殖适合度和后代发育的影响,本文将室内培育的花绒寄甲松墨天牛生物型雌、雄成虫依体质量差异划分为大、中、小3个水平,并在室内恒温条件下进行两两配对,分析比较了9个不同体质量处理中花绒寄甲亲代生殖指标和子代发育指标的差异。结果表明:1)在成虫生殖适合度方面,相同体型大小的雌、雄个体配对后,其产卵成功率(>60%)高于体型不相称的配对处理(<50%),且小个体的雌、雄虫分别与大、中、小个体的配偶配对时其产卵成功率存在显著差异。雌虫的产卵前期在9个不同处理间均无差异,而产卵量随自身体质量的减轻下降了41.20%,随配偶体质量的减轻上升了69.92%,但不受两性的综合影响。2)在子代发育方面,来自亲代不同体质量配对处理下的卵孵化前期在10.80~11.36 d,平均孵化期均在2.57~3.08 d,平均孵化率在64.36%~75.45%,统计分析表明这些测定的指标在不同处理间均差异不显著。然而,子代幼虫对替代寄主的寄生率随亲代雌虫体质量的下降从96.77%显著降低至86.5%。子代幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率随亲代雌、雄成虫体质量的递减而显著降低,其中化蛹率从76.47%下降至56.55%,羽化率从75.33%下降至56.55%,但不受两性的综合影响。幼虫-蛹历期随亲代雌、雄虫体质量的下降从45.69 d延长至47 d且受两性综合作用的影响。雌性子代的体质量、体长和体宽等形态参数均不受亲代成虫体质量的影响,但雄性子代的体质量受亲代雌虫的影响,体长受亲代雄虫的影响。这些结果表明,花绒寄甲成虫存在明显的选型交配现象,且亲代体型大小明显影响该虫的生殖适合度和子代发育。因此在大规模室内饲养时,我们应当考虑种源的体型差异带来的负作用,并尽量使用较大的个体用于后代繁衍以提高后代质量。Effects of adult body size on the reproductive fitness and offspring development in the Coleopteran parasitoid Dastarcus helophoroides(Fairmaire)(Coleoptera:Bothrideridae)were investigated through pairing the biotype adults of Monochamus alternatus according to three levels of body weight at constant temperature condition and recording the parameters of parental reproductive fitness and offspring development in nine treatment combinations.The results showed that,with respect to adult reproductive fitness,the proportion of oviposition(>60%)of the adult pairs with the same body weight was significantly higher than that of the pairs with body weight incompatibility(<50%).Significant differences were found in the proportion of oviposition when smallfemales and males were paired with big,moderate and small partners.There was no significant difference in pre-oviposition period among the nine pairing treatments,while the egg production significantly decreased by 41.20%with decreasing female body weight,and increased by 69.92%with decreasing male body weight,but was not affected by the comprehensive impacts of both sexes.With respect to offspring development,the pre-hatching duration(10.80-11.36 d),the hatching duration(2.57-3.08 d),and the hatching rate(64.36%-75.45%)showed no significant difference among the nine pairing treatments.However,the percentage of parasitism of the offspring larvae decreased significantly from 96.77%to 86.5%with decreasing female body weight.The percentage of pupation and emergence significantly decreased from 76.47%to 56.55%and from 75.33%to 56.55%with decreasing female and male body weights,respectively,but were not affected by the comprehensive impacts of both sexes.The developmental duration of larva-pupa significantly extended from 45.69 d to 47 d with the weight loss of parental generation.The body weight,body length,and body width of female offspring were not affected by the weight loss of parental generation,while the body weight of male offspring was affected by their maternal body w

关 键 词：花绒寄甲 体型大小 生殖适合度 生长发育 形态发育 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]