2020-2022年丽水市儿童手足口病流行特征及病原谱分析  

Analysis of epidemic characteristics and pathogen spectrum of hand foot mouth disease among children in Lishui City from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：陈秀英[1] 叶碧峰[1] 王晓光[1] 卢愉中 叶夏良[1] CHEN Xiuying;YE Bifeng;WANG Xiaoguang;LU Yuzhong;YE Xialiang(Inspection Institute,Lishui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang Province,Lishui323000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省丽水市疾病预防控制中心检验检测所,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2024年第6期120-123,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：浙江省丽水市公益性技术应用研究项目(2020G YX30)。

摘　　要：目的分析2020—2022年丽水市儿童手足口病(HFMD)流行病学特征和病原学监测结果,为HFMD防控提供科学依据。方法通过传染病报告信息管理系统收集丽水市HFMD发病资料,对流行特征进行分析,同时采用荧光定量PCR技术对收集的1558例标本开展病原学检测,探究2020—2022年HFMD肠道病毒病原谱的动态变化。结果丽水市儿童HFMD发病年龄主要集中在0~5岁,2020年发病主要集中在9月至12月,2021—2022年主要集中在4月至7月份。2020—2022年间丽水市累计报告HFMD病例为13611例,在1558例病原学标本中检出肠道病毒核酸阳性1032份,总阳性率为66.24%。其中肠道病毒A组71型(EV71)5份,总阳性率为0.32%;柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CoxA16)322份,总阳性率为20.67%;柯萨奇病毒A组6型(CoxA6)型494份,总阳性率为31.71%;柯萨奇病毒A组10型(CoxA10型)63份,总阳性率为4.04%;其他型别148份,总阳性率9.5%。2020—2022年间,EV71仅在2021年检出5例;CoxA16型阳性率分别为2.44%、21.54%和36.42%,2022年1月至8月和11月至12月为检出高峰;CoxA6型阳性率分别为49.78%、33.44%和12.76%,2020年8月至12月为检出高峰;CoxA10型阳性率只在2020年和2021年有检出,分别为4.00%、7.23%。结论除2020年HFMD流行月份整体延后外,其余年份流行特征类似于往年。2020—2022年丽水市HFMD的主要肠道病毒型别为CoxA16和CoxA6型,期间CoxA6型的优势已逐步被CoxA16取代。CoxA16为下一步防控工作的重点。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and etiological surveillance results of hand foot mouth disease(HFMD)in children in Lishui from 2020 to 2022,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods The incidence data of HFMD in Lishui City were collected by infectious disease reporting information management system,and the epidemic characteristics were analyzed.At the same time,real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the etiology of 1558 samples collected to explore the dynamic changes of the pathogen spectrum of HFMD enterovirus from 2020 to 2022.Results A total of 13611 cases of HFMD disease were reported in Lishui from 2020 to 2022.1032 enterovirus nucleic acid positive cases were detected in 1558 etiological samples,with a total positive rate of 66.24%.Among them,5 cases of enterovirus 71(EV71),322 cases of coxsackievirus A16(CoxA16),494 cases of coxsackievirus A6(CoxA6),63 cases of coxsackievirus A10(CoxA10),and 148 cases of other types,the total positive rate was 0.32%,20.67%,31.71%,4.04%and 9.5%,respectively.Only 5 cases of EV71 were detected in 2021,the positive rates of CoxA16 were 2.44%,21.54%and 36.42%respectively,and the detection peaks were from January to August and November to December in 2022,the positive rates of CoxA6 were 49.78%,33.44%and 12.76%respectively,and the detection peak was from August to December 2020,CoxA10 was detected only in 2020 and 2021,with 4.00%and 7.23%,respectively.Conclusion The epidemic characteristics of HFMD in other years are similar to those in previous years,except that the epidemic month of HFMD was postponed in 2020.From 2020 to 2022,the main enterovirus types of HFMD in Lishui were CoxA16 and CoxA6,and the dominance of CoxA6 was gradually replaced by CoxA16.CoxA16 is the focus of prevention and control work in the next step.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 病原谱分析 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]