2018—2022年南通市水痘流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Nantong City from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：张烽[1] 陆荣荣[1] 魏叶[1] 朱平[1] ZHANG Feng;LU Rongrong;WEI Ye;ZHU Ping(Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nantong 226007,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《中国校医》2023年第11期821-823,826,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：南通市“十四五”科教强卫工程项目医学重点学科,通卫科教[2021]15号。

摘　　要：目的分析2018—2022年南通市水痘流行病学特征,为制订水痘防控策略提供依据。方法收集2018—2022年南通市水痘病例信息和突发公共卫生事件信息,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2018—2022年南通市共报告水痘48627例,年均发病率为130.10/10万。发病主高峰时间为每年11月—次年1月,次高峰为5—7月。各县区年均发病率为39.77/10万~353.36/10万,崇川区和开发区发病率最高。发病年龄主要为0~15岁(占71.64%),其中>5~10岁组发病率最高,男性高于女性,发病人群主要是学生和幼托儿童(占74.82%)。共报告水痘突发公共卫生事件67起,均发生在学校,占同期学校突发公共卫生事件总数的62.04%,主要发生在小学和幼儿园(占85.07%),城市报告起数和发病数均高于农村。结论南通市水痘发病率较高,地区间发病水平差异较大,常在小学和幼儿园暴发,须加强晨检等防控措施,提高水痘疫苗2剂次接种率。发生水痘暴发疫情时,建议开展应急接种。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Nantong City from 2018 to 2022,in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control strategy of varicella.Methods The information on varicella cases and public health emergencies in Nantong City from 2018 to 2022 was collected and analyzed by descrip⁃tive epidemiology.Results A total of 48627 cases of varicella were reported in Nantong City from 2018 to 2022,with an average annual incidence of 130.10/105.The main incidence peak was from November to January,and the secondary peak was from May to July.The average annual incidence in different counties of Nantong City ranged from 39.77/105 to 353.36/105.Chongchuan District and Development Zone had the highest incidence.The age of onset was mainly 0-15 years old account⁃ing for 71.64%,and the incidence rate was the highest in>5-10 years old group.The incidence rate was higher in males than in females,and mainly in students and nursery children accounting for 74.82%.A total of 67 public health emergencies in⁃volving varicella were reported,all of which occurred in schools,accounting for 62.04%of the total number of public health emergencies in schools during the same period,mainly in primary schools and kindergartens accounting for 85.07%.The number of reported public health emergencies involving varicella and the number of varicella cases in cities were higher than those in rural areas.Conclusions The incidence of varicella is high in Nantong City,and the incidence level varies greatly among regions.The outbreaks often occur in primary schools and kindergartens.Prevention and control measures such as morning examination should be strengthened,and the two doses of varicella vaccine coverage should be improved.Emergen⁃cy vaccination is recommended in the event of an outbreak of varicella.

关 键 词：水痘 流行病学特征 预防控制 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]