达氏鳇和施氏鲟生长差异群体肠道菌群特征  

Gut microbiota of Huso dauricus and Acipenser schrencki populations with different growth rates

作　　者：王若愚 孙博[1] 曹顶臣[1] 孙志鹏[1] 王念民[1] 胡炜[3] 张颖[1] 许式见 WANG Ruoyu;SUN Bo;CAO Dingchen;SUN Zhipeng;WANG Nianmin;HU Wei;ZHANG Ying;XU Shijian(Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province/Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150076,China;Key Laboratory of Sturgeon Genetics and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hangzhou Qiandaohu Xunlong Sci-Tech Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311799,China;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology/Hubei Hongshan Laboratory/Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江省冷水性鱼类种质资源及增养殖重点开放实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150076 [2]杭州千岛湖鲟龙科技股份有限公司,农业农村部鲟遗传育种重点实验室,浙江杭州311799 [3]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北洪山实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第9期1093-1101,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-46);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY202302YB);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD56)。

摘　　要：同塘生长差异常常导致鲟养殖产量受损,而肠道菌群是影响鱼类生长性能的关键因素之一。为揭示肠道菌群与鲟科鱼类个体生长差异之间的关系,本研究对同批次繁育、同条件养殖的生长速率差异大于体重50%的达氏鳇(Huso dauricus)和施氏鲟(Acipenser schrencki)群体进行了肠道菌群特征研究。结果表明,达氏鳇和施氏鲟肠道菌群多样性和组成在种属间及生长差异群体间均具有明显差异。其中,生长快速达氏鳇群体(LH)肠道优势菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas,67.0%),生长慢速达氏鳇群体(SH)肠道优势菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(29.5%)和狭义梭菌属1(Clostridium sensu stricto 1,54.2%);而生长快速施氏鲟群体(LA)肠道优势菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(33.5%)和鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium,38.1%),生长中速施氏鲟群体(MA)肠道优势菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(42.6%)、狭义梭菌属1(14.3%)和鲸杆菌属(33.0%)。鞘氨醇单胞菌属和梭菌科(Clostridiaceae)细菌是不同生长速率鲟肠道中的主要差异类群。综上可知,鲟科鱼类肠道菌群的多样性和组成具有种属差异性和群体差异性,鞘氨醇单胞菌属和梭菌科细菌可能是影响鲟科鱼类生长速率的关键细菌类群。In sturgeon aquaculture,abnormal growth variations among fish in the same pond frequently result in decreased yields.The gut microbiota,a crucial component of the digestive system,plays a pivotal role in growth performance of these fish.Currently,there is limited research on the relationship between gut microbiota and individual growth differences in sturgeon.The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of the gut microbiota in populations of Huso dauricus and Acipenser schrencki in which growth rate differences exceeded 50% of body weight.The fish were bred at the same time and under identical conditions.The aim was to uncover the relationship between sturgeon growth rate and the composition of the gut microbiota.The results revealed notable differences in gut microbiota diversity and composition between H.dauricus and A.schrencki,as well as among different populations in both species.In the fast-growing population of H.dauricus(LH),the dominant genus in the gut was Sphingomonas(67.0%),whereas in the slow-growing population of the same species(SH),the dominant taxa were Sphingomonas(29.5%)and Clostridium sensu stricto 1(54.2%).In the fast-growing population of A.schrencki(LA),the dominant genera in the gut were Sphingomonas(33.5%)and Cetobacterium(38.1%),whereas in the medium-growing population of the same species(MA),the dominant taxa were Sphingomonas(42.6%),Clostridium sensu stricto 1(14.3%),and Cetobacterium(33.0%).Sphingomonas and Clostridiaceae were the primary discriminatory taxa in the gut microbiota of sturgeon exhibiting varying growth rates.In conclusion,species-specific variations were evident in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in sturgeon.Genetic factors play a crucial role in shaping and selectively altering the gut microbiota in animals,including fish.Moreover,each individual fish harbors a distinctive ecosystem within its gut,which is influenced by genetic factors and contributes,to some extent,to the determination of the types and quantities of gut microbiot

关 键 词：肠道菌群 生长速率 达氏鳇 施氏鲟 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]