碳中和背景下蓝碳保护与发展趋势及中国因应  

Blue Carbon Protection and Development Trend in the Context of Carbon Neutrality and China's Response

作　　者：李志文[1] 寇勇栎 Li Zhiwen;Kou Yongli(Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第2期156-162,共7页Science and Technology Management Research

摘　　要：蓝碳具有比传统绿色碳汇更强大的碳捕获和存储能力,保护与发展蓝碳是实现碳中和的重要路径。中国蓝碳资源禀赋优越,蓝碳挖掘潜力巨大、开发利用前景广阔。当前,蓝碳保护与发展在国际层面面临着蓝碳生态系统退化严重、全球碳交易体系缺失等挑战,在中国层面也面临着蓝碳生态系统危机重重、蓝碳监测与核算体系不完备、蓝碳交易体系不健全、缺乏成熟的蓝碳法治保障等问题。从国际社会实践看,蓝色碳汇已然由科研概念阶段迈入实用工具阶段,未来蓝碳纳入气候变化法律与框架将是完善全球气候治理体系之必然;从国内实践看,中国对于蓝碳的相关研究已经由跟随转至逐渐引领,国内各项政策试点也在有序推进。面对国内外蓝碳发展局势,中国自价值、技术、制度、立法等多个方面作出因应,着力挖掘蓝碳资源固碳增汇潜力是把握蓝碳发展机遇的必然,对于助力碳中和目标实现价值重大、意义深远。Blue carbon protection and development is one of the important ways of realizing carbon neutrality as it has a much stronger carbon capture and storage capacity than traditional green carbon sinks.With a superior blue carbon resource endowment,China has greater potential for blue carbon mining and broad prospects for development and utilization.At present,global blue carbon protection and development are confronting challenges such as serious degradation of the blue carbon ecosystem and lack of carbon trading system,and China has problems including numerous crises of the blue carbon ecosystem,incomplete blue carbon monitoring and accounting system,imperfect blue carbon trading system,and lack of mature legal protection.From the practice of the international community,blue carbon sink has already transferred from the scientific research concept stage to the practical tool stage,and incorporating blue carbon into climate change laws and frameworks in the future will be an inevitable step to improve the global climate governance system.From the perspective of domestic practice,China's relevant researches on blue carbon have gradually shifted from following to leading,and various domestic policy pilots are also advancing in an orderly manner.In the face of the development situation of blue carbon at home and abroad,China must make responses in multiple aspects such as value,technology,system and legislation.As an inevitable step to grasp the development opportunity of blue carbon,it is critical to dig in the potential of blue carbon resources for carbon sequestration and sink.

关 键 词：蓝碳 碳中和 绿色碳汇 碳汇核算 环保立法 气候变化 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] G301[政治法律—法学]