茫崖一次大风和沙尘暴天气过程分析  

Analysis of A Strong Wind and Sandstorm Weather Process in Mangya

作　　者：赵小红 吉秀娟 袁世龙 蔡琪 欧天宇 Zhao Xiao-hong(Mangya Meteorological Bureau,Mangya,Qinghai 816400)

机构地区：[1]茫崖市气象局,青海茫崖816400 [2]天峻县气象局,青海天峻817200

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2023年第12期144-146,共3页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

摘　　要：对2023年4月3—4日出现在茫崖的一次大风沙尘天气过程进行了分析。分析表明,此次过程大风、沙尘暴天气具有显著的日变化,上午发展,下午至傍晚最强,入夜减弱。茫崖市地处青海省西北边陲,柴达木盆地西缘,属于典型的高原大陆性气候,地势西北高东南低,这种特殊的地形受狭管效应影响,使地面风速加强。500 hPa茫崖受新疆低涡底部偏西气流的控制,高空有大的位势梯度及强的冷平流;层结不稳定导致高空动量下传,等温线密集,温度梯度大、风速强;地面冷锋、变压风加快了地面风速;在强风的动力条件下,加之本地及上游的良好的沙源条件,为沙尘暴发生提供了较好的条件。This article analyzes a strong wind and dust weather process that occurred on Mangya from April 3~4,2023.Analysis shows that the process of strong winds and sandstorms has significant diurnal variations,developing in the morning,strongest from afternoon to evening,and weakening at night.Mangya City was located in the northwest border of Qinghai Province,on the western edge of the Qaidam Basin,and belongs to a typical plateau continental climate.The terrain was high in the northwest and low in the southeast.This special terrain was affected by the narrow tube effect,which strengthens the ground wind speed.The 500hPa Mangya is controlled by the westward airflow at the bottom of the Xinjiang vortex,with a large potential gradient and strong cold advection in the high altitude;Unstable stratification leads to the downward transfer of high-altitude momentum,dense isotherms,large temperature gradients,and strong wind speeds;The ground cold front and variable pressure wind strengthen the ground wind speed;Under the dynamic conditions of strong winds,coupled with favorable local and upstream sand source conditions,favorable conditions are provided for the occurrence of sandstorms.

关 键 词：茫崖 大风 沙尘暴 新疆低涡 热低压 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]