乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感特征及形成机制——以江西婺源为例  

Characteristics and the Formation Mechanism of Residents’Relative Deprivation in Rural Tourist Destination:The Case of Wuyuan

作　　者：龚晶晶[1] 唐文跃 Gong Jingjing;Tang Wenyue(Business School,Shaoguan University,Shaoguan 512005,China;School of Applied Economics,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]韶关学院商学院,广东韶关512005 [2]江西财经大学应用经济学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《旅游论坛》2023年第6期79-90,共12页Tourism Forum

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“粤北生态特别保护区建设背景下生态搬迁安置区农户生计脆弱性评估和对策研究”(GD21YDXZGL04);韶关学院引进人才科研项目“共同富裕背景下乡村旅游地农户相对贫困评估和长效益贫机制研究”(9900064603)共同资助。

摘　　要：相对剥夺理论为解释旅游地居民冲突行为提供了新视角,但现有研究多将乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感笼统视为一个整体,忽视了构成其组成部分的个体相对剥夺感和群体相对剥夺感的细化分析,二维度乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感的特征属性及形成机制尚不明确。鉴于此,本研究以江西省婺源县7个乡村旅游社区为案例地,探讨个体相对剥夺感和群体相对剥夺感的总体特征、差异特征和形成机制。研究发现,乡村旅游地居民产生了较高的个体相对剥夺感和群体相对剥夺感,且群体层面大于个体层面;不同人口学特征(所在村、年龄、文化程度、职业、家庭收入来源、旅游生意的技能和知识、家庭住址和旅游区的距离)的个体相对剥夺感和群体相对剥夺感均存在差异;个体相对剥夺感和群体相对剥夺感的形成机制因其比较对象不同而不同。本研究为有效干预乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感、提高居民对社区旅游的认同和支持、完善乡村旅游地的基层社会治理提供实践启示。The conflict behaviors of residents in rural tourist destination poses great challenges to the devel-opment of high-quality rural tourism destinations.Relative deprivation theory provides a new perspective to explain these behaviors;however,current studies regard the relative deprivation of residents in rural tourist destination as a whole,while detailed analysis of individual and group relative deprivation are ig-nored.In addition,the characteristic attribute and formation mechanism of residents'relative deprivation in two-dimension rural tourist destination are not clear.This study explores the overall characteristics,differential characteristics and formation mechanisms of individual and group relative deprivation in seven rural tourism communities in Wuyuan County,Jiangxi Province.A formal survey was undertaken from August 6 to 25,2020,distributing a total of 406 question-naires and receiving back 394 valid questionnaires(effective collection rate,97%).Data analysis was con-ducted using SPSS 22.0.Within this study,three major sections were reviewed.Overall characteristics:The overall strength of relative deprivation,the strength of individual and group relative deprivation;Dif-ferential characteristics:Means and one-way variance of individual and group relative deprivation under each control variable;Formation mechanisms:theoretical analysis of the formation process of individual and group relative deprivation.The paper has following findings:There are high degree of individual and group relative deprivation in rural tourist destinations,with the group relative deprivation being the main source of relative deprivation overall;Relative deprivation of different demographic factors show differences.Both individual and group relative deprivation will be influenced by factors such as village,age,education level,occupation,family in-come source,skills and knowledge of tourism business,home address,and distance between tourist destina-tions;The formation mechanisms of the relative deprivation of individuals and grou

关 键 词：乡村旅游地 社区居民 相对剥夺感 婺源 

分 类 号：F590.75[经济管理—旅游管理]