国境口岸应对重大传染病疫情的措施与思考  

Measures and considerations for responding to major pandemic at frontier ports

作　　者：叶颖 李磊 朱丽 叶健忠 张然 何建安 赵纯中 孙彩军 YE Ying;LI Lei;ZHU Li;YE Jianzhong;ZHANG Ran;HE Jian'an;ZHAO Chunzhong;SUN Caijun(Shenzhen International Travel Healthcare Center,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳国际旅行卫生保健中心(深圳海关口岸门诊部),广东深圳518000 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院(深圳) [3]烟台国际旅行卫生保健中心(烟台海关口岸门诊部)

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2023年第6期774-777,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2021HK143,2022HK016);深圳市科技计划项目(2021FYC0863300)。

摘　　要：重大传染病疫情对世界经济、环境、人员及货物流动造成严重影响。为降低疫情传播风险,我国建立了国境口岸重大传染病联防联控机制,采取了关闭部分国境口岸、海关对所有通过国境口岸入境的人员采集生物样品进行检测、地方政府对所有入境人员进行集中隔离的疫情防控措施。随着全球重大传染病疫情形势的变化,我国调整防控策略,国境口岸逐步恢复通关通航。通过回顾重大传染病疫情期间国境口岸传染病执法、联防联控机制运行、口岸专业人员配备、技术储备等情况,发现其中的不足,提出完善法律、优化联防联控信息共享、加强卫生检疫人员培训、强化实验室技术储备、建立口岸重大传染病预警和风险评估系统、利用5G技术提升国境口岸防控传染病能力等措施,以便更好地应对我国国境口岸传染病防控工作面临的复杂局面。Major pandemic has caused a serious impact on the economy, the environment, the movement of people and goods in the world. As the overseas pandemic continues to spread, China has established a frontier port joint prevention and control mechanism for major pandemic. The State Council has ordered the closure of some frontier ports. Customs collected biological samples from all inbound personnel for testing, and local governments placed them in centralized isolation. With the situation of major pandemic changing, China has adjusted its strategy for major pandemic prevention and control, and frontier ports have gradually resumed customs clearance and navigation. By reviewing the situation of pandemic law enforcement, joint prevention and control mechanisms, professional personnel allocation, and technical reserves at border ports during the major epidemic, and identifying the shortcomings among them, this paper suggests to improve the law, optimize the information sharing of joint prevention and control, strengthen the training of health and quarantine personnel and the reserve of laboratory technology, and establish an early warning and risk assessment system for infectious diseases at frontier ports, use 5G technology to improve the inspection rate of infectious diseases at frontier ports, so as to better cope with the complex situation of pandemic prevention and control at China's ports.

关 键 词：重大传染病疫情 国境口岸 传染病防控 

分 类 号：R185[医药卫生—流行病学]