2020-2022年龙岩市手足口病病原学特征及流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Longyan City from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：陈小东 丁建芳 张彦锋[1] 吴宇杰 江素丽 廖亦红[1] CHEN Xiaodong;DING Jianfang;ZHANG Yanfeng;WU Yujie;JIANG Suli;LIAO Yihong(Longyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Longyan,Fujian 364000,China)

机构地区：[1]龙岩市疾病预防控制中心,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2023年第6期891-893,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的了解福建省龙岩市手足口病病原学特征和流行病学特征,为制定龙岩市手足口病防控策略提供依据。方法收集2020年1月1日—2022年12月31日龙岩市各哨点医院采集的手足口病疑似病例标本,采用荧光RT-PCR方法进行病原学检测,分析手足口病病例的型别、时间、地区、人群等分布特征。结果共检测样本1966份,检出其他型肠道病毒阳性497份(25.28%)、CA16型457份(23.25%)、CA6型419份(21.31%)、EV71型2份(0.10%),无死亡和混和感染病例。手足口病发病高峰主要集中在4—6月、10—12月。龙岩市各/县(市、区)手足口病阳性病例以新罗区最多,占31.03%;武平县最少,占4.01%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=85.843,P<0.05)。病例以散居儿童为主,男性发病率略高于女性,性别比为1.66∶1。结论2020—2022年龙岩市其他型肠道病毒阳性病例的比例明显升高,病原型别呈交替流行趋势,以散居儿童居多,有明显的发病高峰和地区聚集性。建议进一步加强病原学监测,密切关注肠道病毒型别构成变化情况。Objective To investigate the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Longyan City,Fujian Province,and to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control strategies for HFMD.Methods Samples of suspected cases of HFMD collected from sentinel hospitals in Longyan City from January 1,2020 to December 31,2022 were detected by fluorescent RT-PCR.The distribution characteristics of HFMD cases were analyzed by type,time,region and population.Results A total of 1 966 samples were detected,of which 497 (25.28%)were positive for other enteroviruses,457 (23.25%) were positive for CA16,419 (21.31%) were positive for CA6,and 2(0.10%) were positive for EV71.The peak of HFMD was mainly concentrated from April to June,and from October to December.Among the districts/cities of Longyan City,Xinluo District had the highest number of positive cases (31.03%).Wuping County had the lowest value (4.01%),and the difference was statistically significant (χ^(2)=85.843,P<0.05).The incidence of male was slightly higher than that of female,and the sex ratio was 1.66∶1.Conclusion From 2020 to2022,the proportion of other types of enterovirus increased significantly in Longyan City.The disease archetypes showed an alternating epidemic trend,most of which were scattered children,with an obvious incidence peak and regional clustering.Etiological surveillance should be further strengthened,and the changes in enterovirus type composition should be closely paid attention to.

关 键 词：手足口病 病原学特征 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]