应力测试结合无损检测在起重机金属结构安全评估中的应用  

Application of Stress Testing Combined with Non-Destructive Testing in Safety Assessment of Crane Metal Structures

作　　者：朱广超 ZHU Guangchao(Chuzhou Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Center,Chuzhou 239000)

机构地区：[1]滁州市特种设备监督检验中心,滁州239000

出　　处：《现代制造技术与装备》2024年第1期145-147,共3页Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment

摘　　要：起重机是现代工业中不可或缺的一种机械设备,被广泛运用于各个行业。金属结构是起重机的骨架,承担和传递作用在起重机上的各种载荷,其工作状态直接影响整机的工作性能、安全性和可靠性,一旦发生故障将会带来巨大的直接和间接损失。因此,对金属结构开展必要的检测分析,进一步评估起重机性能是否安全可靠十分重要。在起重机金属的安全评估中,最常见的就是应力测试和无损检测。应力测试可以评估设备金属结构的应力状况,而无损检测能够发现焊缝及母材的缺陷,从而客观准确地评估起重机金属结构的安全性能。基于此,简要分析应力测试与无损检测的工作原理及其在起重机金属结构安全评估中的应用,以期能够更好地保障起重机施工作业的安全性与可靠性。The crane is an indispensable mechanical equipment in modern industry,which is widely used in various industries.The metal structure is the skeleton of the crane,bearing and transferring the various loads on the crane,its working state directly affects the working performance,safety and reliability of the whole machine,once the failure will bring huge direct and indirect losses.Therefore,it is very important to carry out the necessary detection and analysis of the metal structure to further evaluate whether the crane performance is safe and reliable.In the safety assessment of crane metal,the most common is stress testing and non-destructive testing.Stress testing can assess the stress condition of the metal structure of the equipment,and non-destructive testing can find the defects of the weld and the base material,so as to objectively and accurately evaluate the safety performance of the metal structure of the crane.Based on this,the working principle of stress testing and non-destructive testing and its application in the safety evaluation of crane metal structure are briefly analyzed,in order to better ensure the safety and reliability of crane construction.

关 键 词：应力测试 无损检测 起重机 金属结构 安全评估 

分 类 号：TH21[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]