基于结构方程模型的广州市相对贫困空间分异及动力机制研究  

Analysis of Spatial Differentiation and Dynamic Mechanism of Urban Relative Poverty Based on Structural Equation Model:A Case Study in Guangzhou

作　　者：牛通 袁媛[2,3] NIU Tong;YUAN Yuan

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院 [2]中山大学地理科学与规划学院 [3]中山大学广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2024年第1期114-119,共6页Modern Urban Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871161,51678577);广州市科技项目(2018040241);广东省科技创新青年拔尖人才项目;广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515010704)。

摘　　要：我国农村脱贫攻坚取得全面胜利,相对贫困问题将是未来贫困研究的关键。文章以广州市为例,通过多源综合数据分析相对贫困分布规律和空间聚集特征,并结合结构方程模型探讨相对贫困空间分异的动力机制。研究表明:(1)广州市相对贫困呈现“高—低—高”的圈层分布特征;(2)根据结构方程模型路径分析结果,基础设施、人力资本、经济活力、自然环境等因素对广州市相对贫困空间分异形成了多重路径的影响关系;(3)结合地理区位和城乡差异划分内城衰落型、城乡融合型和乡村滞后型3种贫困模式,并针对不同贫困空间类型提出差异化的贫困治理建议,以期为后扶贫时代城乡相对贫困的精细化治理提供理论基础。China’s rural poverty alleviation efforts have culminated in a comprehensive victory,shifting the focus of future studies towards relative poverty.In examining this shift,the present study centers on Guangzhou,employing multi-source data to quantify relative poverty’s distribution and aggregation characteristics.It utilizes a Structural Equation Model to delve into the dynamic mechanisms behind the spatial differentiation of relative poverty.The findings reveal a distinctive“high-low-high”distribution pattern of relative poverty within the city.The path analysis from the structural equation model illustrates that factors such as infrastructure,human capital,economic vitality,and the natural environment contribute to this spatial differentiation through multiple pathways.Furthermore,the study identifi es three prevalent poverty models—urban decline,urban-rural integration,and rural lag—based on geographical and urbanrural distinctions.In response to these models,it proposes tailored governance strategies to address the nuanced variations in poverty across different regions.This research aims to lay a theoretical foundation for the precise governance of urban-rural relative poverty in the era following China’s poverty alleviation achievements.

关 键 词：相对贫困 综合贫困指数 动力机制 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：F293[经济管理—国民经济]