褶曲构造影响区内翼部煤层开采矿压机理及防治技术  

The Mechanism and Prevention Technology of Mining Pressure in Coal Seams within the Influence Area of Fold Structures

作　　者：段云鹏[1] DUAN Yunpeng(Survey and Design Institute,Shanxi Jincheng Coal Group,Jincheng 048006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西晋城煤业集团勘察设计院有限公司,山西晋城048006

出　　处：《煤》2024年第3期31-35,64,共6页Coal

基　　金：中煤科工开采研究院科创创新基金重点资助项目(KCYJY-2021-ZD-02)。

摘　　要：文章以褶曲构造影响区内翼部煤层中3605综放面水平分层开采为研究背景,通过现场调研发现其开采期间面临强矿压显现频发的问题,进而采用理论分析的方法对煤层受力特征进行了分析,并结合某一典型强矿压显现期间的微震能量事件阐释了动静载叠加诱发强矿压的机理,最后提出了针对性的卸压措施。研究结果表明:3605综放面围岩受力情况分属于Ⅰ和Ⅱ两个煤体区域,且Ⅰ煤体区域因发生塑性变形而致使Ⅱ煤体区域承受高应力载荷;根据微震能量事件定位情况理论计算确定了动静载叠加作用下工作面底部所存在的三角形强矿压影响区域尺寸;现场对3605综放面运输巷超前段100 m范围内上侧覆岩内坚硬顶板和巷道底煤分别进行卸压爆破措施后,钻屑量和微震总能量、频次数据验证了卸压效果的显著有效性。This article takes the horizontal layered mining of the 3605 fully-mechanized top coal caving face in the wing coal seam of the folded structure influence area as the research background.Through on-site research,it is found that it faces the problem of frequent occurrence of strong rock pressure during mining.Then,theoretical analysis is used to analyze the stress characteristics of the coal seam,and combined with a typical microseismic energy event during the strong rock pressure manifestation period,the mechanism of strong rock pressure induced by the superposition of dynamic and static loads is explained.Finally,targeted pressure relief measures were proposed.The research results indicate that the surrounding rock stress of the 3605 fully-mechanized top coal caving face belongs to two coal body regions: Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and the Ⅰ coal body region bears high stress loads due to plastic deformation in the Ⅱ coal body region;Based on the theoretical calculation of the location of microseismic energy events,the size of the triangular strong rock pressure influence area at the bottom of the working face under the combined action of dynamic and static loads was determined;after on-site pressure relief blasting measures were taken on the hard top plate of the overlying rock and the bottom coal of the roadway within a range of 100 meters beyond the front section of the transportation roadway in the 3605 fully-mechanized top coal caving face,the significant effectiveness of the pressure relief effect was verified by the amount of drilling debris and the total energy and frequency data of microseisms.

关 键 词：翼部煤层 强矿压 动静载叠加 液压支架 卸压爆破 

分 类 号：TD32[矿业工程—矿井建设]