中国新质生产力指标构建与时空演进  

Construction and Spatiotemporal Evolution of New Productivity Indicators of China

作　　者：朱富显 李瑞雪 徐晓莉[1] 孙家昌 Zhu Fuxian;Li Ruixue;Xu Xiaoli;Sun Jiachang(School of Economics and Management,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;School of Computer Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学经济与管理学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆大学计算机科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《工业技术经济》2024年第3期44-53,共10页Journal of Industrial Technological Economics

基　　金：优秀博士生创新项目“新质生产力的涌现机制和效能作用路径研究”(项目编号:XJU2024BS017)。

摘　　要：加快构建以新质生产力为核心的创新体系,是中国加快实现高水平科技自立自强和高质量发展的重要基础。本文从新质劳动者、新质劳动资料和新质劳动对象3个维度构建了新质生产力水平指标测度体系,采用投影寻踪模型测度了2011~2022年中国地级市层面新质生产力发展水平,并运用Dagum基尼系数法、Kernel密度估计法以及Moran's I全面探究并验证了新质生产力对不同时间维度、空间维度的动态演变特征。研究发现:新质生产力发展水平呈现稳步增长态势,相比于新质劳动者、新质劳动对象,新质劳动资料占新质生产力比重更大。各地区新质生产力发展水平存在较大差异,其中,东部地区是新质生产力发展的高地,西部地区和东北地区是新质生产力发展的洼地,并且地区内新质生产力水平也存在较大差异。同时,新质生产力的涌现与生产关系具有一定的协调性,且新质生产力能够正向促进地区的全要素生产率水平的提升。本文为如何捕捉新质生产力的动态演化特征以及生产关系如何更好的引导新质生产力能效发挥提供了参考。Accelerating the construction of an innovation system centered on new quality productivity is an important founda⁃tion for China to accelerate the realization of high-level technological self-reliance and high-quality development.This paper con⁃structs a new quality productivity level indicator measurement system from three dimensions of new quality workers,new quality la⁃bor materials and new quality labor objects.This paper uses the projection pursuit model to measure the development level of new quality productivity at the prefecture level city level in China in 2011~2021,and uses Dagum Gini coefficient method,Kernel den⁃sity estimation method,and Moran's I to comprehensively explore and verify the dynamic evolution characteristics of new quality pro⁃ductivity on different time and space dimensions.This paper finds that the development level of new quality productive forces is showing a steady growth trend.Compared to new quality workers and new quality labor objects,new quality labor materials account for a larger proportion of new quality productive forces.There are significant differences in the development level of new quality pro⁃ductivity among different regions.Among them,the eastern region is the highland for the development of new quality productivity,while the western and northeastern regions are the depression for the development of new quality productivity.Moreover,there are also significant differences in the level of new quality productivity within the region.The emergence of new quality productivity has a certain degree of coordination with production relations,and new quality productivity can positively promote the improvement of total factor productivity in the region.This article provides a reference on how to capture the dynamic evolution characteristics of new quality productivity and how production relations can better guide the energy efficiency of new quality productivity.

关 键 词：新质生产力 投影寻踪模型 生产关系 高质量发展 地区异质性 动态演化特征 

分 类 号：F061[经济管理—政治经济学]