ZnO压敏电阻微观结构参数与宏观电气性能的关联机制  

The Correlation Mechanism That Micro-Structure Parameters of ZnO Varistor to the Macroscopic Electrical Characteristics

作　　者：孟鹏飞 郭敬科 张恒志 秦锋[3] 谢施君 雷潇 吴红梅[5] 胡军[6] Meng Pengfei;Guo Jingke;Zhang Hengzhi;Qin Feng;Xie Shijun;Lei Xiao;Wu Hongmei;Hu Jun(College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065 China;Tibet Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid,Lhasa 850000 China;Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024 China;State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute,Chengdu 610041 China;Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000 China;Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084 China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,成都610065 [2]国网西藏电科院,拉萨850000 [3]西北核技术研究所,西安710024 [4]国网四川省电科院,成都610041 [5]西藏农牧学院,林芝860000 [6]清华大学电机系,北京100084

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第5期1454-1463,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52107158);西藏自治区科技创新基地项目(基地与人才)(XZ2022JR0002G);清华大学新型电力系统运行与控制全国重点实验室开放基金(SKLD22KM09)资助。

摘　　要：ZnO压敏电阻是金属氧化物避雷器的核心部件,在抑制电力系统过电压方面发挥了重要的作用。随着特高压输电技术的发展,对ZnO压敏电阻的残压、通流容量等电气特性提出了更高的要求。该文从材料计算的角度出发,以基于Voronoi模型的ZnO压敏电阻优化计算模型为基础,计算研究了晶粒尺寸、尺寸不均匀度、晶粒电阻率等微观结构参数与多种宏观电气性能之间的关联机制,将多变量、多目标的最优化问题,极大地简化为仅包含三类优化变量、两类优化目标的最优化问题,并制定出具有针对性的优化策略和步骤,为ZnO压敏电阻性能的改进提供了重要理论依据,对高性能避雷器的设计制造具有重要意义。The development of UHV technology has put forward higher requirements for various electrical characteristics of ZnO varistors.As the voltage level of UHV transmission system is too high,the volume,cost and operation reliability of equipment are largely dependent on the insulation level of the system.While the insulation coordination of the system is based on the overvoltage level of the system in various conditions,which is directly determined by the protection capability of the arrester used in the UHV transmission system.Therefore,there are many vital technical problems to be solved in order to develop excellent performance of the arrester for high voltage,such as excellent performance ZnO varistors,uniformity of potential distribution,structural design,and so on.ZnO varistors are the core components of arresters,parameters such as voltage gradient E1mA,nonlinear coefficientα1mA,residual voltage K,leakage current IL,etc.,all play a critical role in the overall performance of arrester.Besides,the preparation process of ZnO varistors is complicated and involves many processes,together with performance testing,which lead to a long preparation cycle and high material cost.At present,the improvement of computing power provides a new means for the study of complex systems.The composition,structure and performance of ZnO varistors can be simulated by computer to control performance,which can significantly improve the research efficiency.Firstly,we studied the correlation mechanism between micro-structure and properties of ZnO varistors through Voronoi network simulation model established by our research group,and optimized the parameters to describe the true conduction mechanism of grain boundary barrier clearly and accurately.Secondly,since choice of the quantity of ZnO grain is the key problem to study the electrical performance parameters of varistor by using simulation model.We analyzed the equivalence effect of different ZnO grain sizes and and found that the simulation results are closer to the real effect as t

关 键 词：ZNO压敏电阻 材料计算 微观结构 电气性能 关联机制 

分 类 号：TM286[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]