真空与气体一体化串联机械开关及其直流快速转移应用  

High Speed Switch with Series-Connected Vacuum and Gas Interrupters and Its DC Fast Transfer Application

作　　者：程显[1,2] 白青林 葛国伟 陈鸿源[1,2] 杜帅 Cheng Xian;Bai Qinglin;Ge Guowei;Chen Hongyuan;Du Shuai(School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001 China;Henan Engineering Research Center of Power Transmission&Distribution Equipment and Electrical Insulation,Zhengzhou 450001 China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学电气工程学院,郑州450001 [2]河南省输配电装备与电气绝缘工程技术研究中心,郑州450001

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第5期1464-1473,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：河南省重大专项(221100240500);国家自然科学基金项目(51977195,52107170);河南省优秀青年科学基金项目(202300410370);河南省科技创新人才项目(21HASTIT022)资助。

摘　　要：为提升中压混合式直流断路器的自然换流性能,该文提出一种真空与气体一体化串联机械开关,分析真空与气体一体化串联用于电流转移性能的工作原理。并基于此设计了双超程联动的真空与气体一体化串联开关实验样机,研究了气体类型、气压、触头结构、触头材料等参数对电弧电压特性的影响规律,确定了W70Cu桥式两触点结构,采用H2和N2体积比为2:3、气压为0.3 MPa的氢氮混合气体,弧压可由20 V提升到120 V,电流转移时间由1 900μs缩短至300μs。同时测试了静态瞬态开断电压(TIV)分布特性,真空间隙承担主要电压(55%),串联整机耐压水平为20 kV。验证了真空与气体一体化串联开关应用于中压混合式直流断路器的可行性和有效性。The hybrid DC circuit breaker(DCCB)is the key equipment for the control,protection and isolation of DC system.Among them,the natural commutation method relying on vacuum arc voltage has a simple structure,but the commutation performance does not meet the demand of large current interruption.Forced commutation requires additional transfer devices to increase system complexity and cost.Combined with the idea of vacuum and gas medium series cooperative breaking in the previous research of the team,a series-connected vacuum and gas interrupters is proposed in this paper.The arc voltage of the mechanical switch can be increased to several hundred volts by series-connected vacuum and gas interrupters.This switch is applied to medium voltage hybrid DC circuit breaker to accelerate current transfer,giving full play to the advantages of high gas arc voltage and fast recovery of vacuum medium.Firstly,the topology of a new hybrid DC circuit breaker based on series-connected vacuum and gas interrupters(Novel-DCCB)is introduced,and the working principle of the structure is analyzed.Based on the continuous transient vacuum arc model,Mayr gas arc model,power electronic device model,buffer circuit model and arrester model,a simulation model of a novel hybrid DC circuit breaker based on vacuum and gas integrated series is built in Matlab/Simulink.The breaking waveforms of the whole machine are simulated and compared.Novel-DCCB shortens the current transfer time from 1900μs to 300μs by increasing the arc voltage of the mechanical switch.The TIV at both ends of HSS after IGBT shutdown is mainly borne by the vacuum gap.The advantages of high gas arc voltage in the arcing stage and fast recovery of vacuum medium in the TIV stage of HSS are fully utilized.Finally,the simulation analysis shows that the transfer limit current of Novel-DCCB can reach 100 kA,and the transfer time is basically controlled within 0.5 ms.Then,a series-connected vacuum and gas interrupters prototype(HSS)was built,and its opening principle was introduced and

关 键 词：真空与气体串联 中压混合式直流断路器 弧压特性 电流转移特性 电压分布特性 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]