选区激光熔化430不锈钢成形工艺优化  

Optimization of forming process for 430 stainless steel by selective laser melting

作　　者：卢康明 李俊琛[1,2] 赵梦雨 方政予 程煜刚 LU Kang-ming;LI Jun-chen;ZHAO Meng-yu;FANG Zheng-yu;CHENG Yu-gang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2024年第2期112-119,共8页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(23ZYQB300)。

摘　　要：研究了选区激光熔化(SLM)430不锈钢线-面-体的成形质量与工艺参数之间的关系。设计了单熔道、多道搭接以及块体成形试验,分析了SLM过程中缺陷形成的原因,以致密度为评价指标,确定SLM430不锈钢的最佳成形参数。结果表明:高功率低扫描速度有利于获得连续均匀的单熔道形貌,当激光功率为200 W、扫描速度为800 mm/s时,熔道宽度分布均匀。多道搭接的结果显示表面粗糙度随扫描间距的增加先降低后升高,扫描间距为0.08 mm时粗糙度最小,为3.88μm,表面成形质量最佳。通过正交试验分析,发现3种因素对块体成形件相对致密度影响的显著性排序为:扫描速度>激光功率>扫描间距;相对致密度随扫描速度的增大而减小;随着激光功率和扫描间距的增加,相对致密度呈现先升高后降低的趋势;最终确定SLM 430不锈钢的最佳成形工艺参数组合为激光功率200 W、扫描速度600 mm/s、扫描间距0.08 mm,该参数下成形件相对致密度达99.56%。The relationship between the forming quality and process parameters of selective laser melting(SLM) 430 stainless steel wire-surface-body was studied.Single channel,multi channel overlap and block forming experiments were designed to analyze the causes of defect formation during the SLM process,with density as the evaluation index,and determine the optimal forming parameters for SLM 430 stainless steel.The results show that high laser power and low scanning speed are conducive to obtaining continuous and uniform single channel morphology.When the laser power is 200 W and the scanning speed is 800 mm/s,the channel width distribution is uniform.The results of multiple overlapping show that the surface roughness first decreases and then increases with the increase of scanning spacing.When the scanning spacing is 0.08 mm,the roughness is the minimum of 3.88 μm,and the surface forming quality is the best.Through orthogonal experimental analysis,it is found that the significant order of the effects of three factors on the relative density of block shaped parts is:scanning speed>laser power>scanning spacing.The relative density decreases with the increase of scanning speed.As the laser power and scanning spacing increase,the relative density shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The optimal combination of forming process parameters for SLM 430 stainless steel is ultimately determined as laser power of 200 W,scanning speed of 600 mm/s,and scanning spacing of 0.08 mm,and the relative density of the formed part prepared with the optimal parameters reaches 99.56%.

关 键 词：430不锈钢 选区激光熔化(SLM) 单熔道 多道搭接 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TG142.7[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]