小麦秸秆添加量对羊粪条垛式堆肥进程的影响  

Effect of Wheat Straw Addition to the Composting Process of Sheep Manure in Strip Piles

作　　者：赵旭[1,2] 车宗贤[2] 李娟[2] 薛林贵[1] ZHAO Xu;CHE Zongxian;LI Juan;XUE Lingui(School of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学化学化工学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2024年第1期161-167,共7页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2018YFC1903704-02);国家自然科学基金(31860163);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(20YF3NA018);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2022GAAS16);甘肃省农业科学院科技成果转化项目(2023GAAS-CGZH01)。

摘　　要：用肉羊养殖场的羊粪和小麦秸秆作为堆肥原料进行条垛式堆肥试验,监测堆肥过程中堆料有机质、C/N、pH值、种子发芽指数(GI)、温度等指标的变化,探究羊粪条垛式堆肥的最佳秸秆添加量。结果表明:鲜羊粪堆肥时添加1.5%~4.5%的小麦秸秆,可增加高温保持时间7~9天,达到26~28天,最高温度提高4℃,达到63℃;可加快堆料水分的蒸发速度,降低堆料含水率8.08%~31.06%;可降低堆肥产品的pH值,从9.12下降到8.88;可提高种子发芽指数21.85%~33.93%,提高堆肥产品的C/N 10%~30%。由此可知,添加1.5%~4.5%的小麦秸秆,可加快羊粪的腐熟速度,但当秸秆添加量大于1.5%时,堆肥产品的C/N大于20,不利用微生物的分解利用,因此,在羊粪堆肥时,小麦秸秆的最佳添加量为1.5%。研究结果将为优化羊粪堆肥技术工艺,提高羊粪堆肥腐熟速度提供技术支持。A strip composting experiment was conducted using sheep manure and wheat straw from meat sheep farms as raw materials for composting.The changes of organic matter,C/N,pH,seed germination index(GI),and temperature of the composted material were monitored during the composting process to investigate the optimal amount of straw addition for sheep manure strip composting.The results showed that:when fresh sheep manure was composted with 1.5%~4.5%wheat straw,the high temperature retention time was increased by 7~9days to 26~28days,and the maximum temperature was increased by 4℃to 63℃.Which can accelerate the evaporation rate of pile water and reduce the water content of pile water 8.08%~31.06%;and reduce the pH value of compost products,from 9.12to 8.88.The seed germination index can be increased by 21.85%~33.93%,and the C/N of compost products can be increased by 10%~30%.adding 1.5%~4.5%of wheat straw when composting fresh sheep manure could increase the high temperature re-tention time by 7~9days to 26~28days and increase the maximum temperature by 4℃to 63℃;accelerate the e-vaporation rate of water from the pile and reduce the water content of the pile by 8.08%~31.06%;reduce the pH value of the compost product from 9.12to 8.88;and improve the seed germination index 21.85%~33.93%;can im-prove the C/N of compost products 10%~30%.From this,it can be seen that adding 1.5%~4.5%of wheat straw can accelerate the speed of sheep manure decomposition,but when the amount of straw added is greater than 1.5%,the C/N of compost products would be greater than 20,and the decomposition and utilization of microorganisms are not used.Therefore,the best addition amount of wheat straw is 1.5%when sheep manure is composted.The results would provide technical support to optimize the technical process of sheep manure composting and improve the de-composition rate of sheep manure composting.

关 键 词：羊粪 条垛式堆肥 小麦秸秆 添加量 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学] X713[农业科学—农业基础科学]