茂名近海、近岸及陆地站点气象要素对比分析  

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS AT OFFSHORE,NEARSHORE,AND INLAND STATIONS IN MAOMING

作　　者：詹国伟 黄辉军[2] 周明森 谭论婵 李志杰 林燕婷 ZHAN Guowei;HUANG Huijun;ZHOU Mingsen;TAN Lunchan;LI Zhijie;LIN Yanting(Maoming Meteorological Bureau,Maoming,Guangdong 525000,China;Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]茂名市气象局,广东茂名525000 [2]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所/广东省区域数值天气预报重点实验室,广东广州510641

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2023年第6期898-914,共17页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3008001);国家自然科学基金(42275083);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2021J025、CXFZ2023P040);广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(GRMC2020Z01、GRMC2022Q02);广东省气象局科技创新团队(GRMCTD202201);广东省茂名市气象局项目(202206);广东省海洋气象科学数据中心共同资助。

摘　　要：基于广东省茂名近海海洋浮标站、近岸海上平台站以及陆地电白基准站1年的观测数据,对比分析了风速、风向、温度和湿度的变化特征。(1)三个站点全年的主导风向均呈双峰状,只是主导风向有差异,海洋浮标站和海上平台站以东北风为主,偏南风为辅;而电白基准站主要是东北风和东南风。三个站点的月平均风速最小值都是在8月;最大值海洋浮标站出现在1月,海上平台站为11月,而电白基准站为4月。(2)电白基准站和海上平台站温度年平均日变化呈现出“一谷一峰”型特征;海上浮标站早上有一个低谷,但是峰值不太明显。三个站点月平均温度都是上半年呈上升趋势,下半年呈下降趋势。海洋浮标站纬度更南,受到陆地影响最小,全年高温持续时间最长。(3)三个站点的湿度年平均日变化都是呈“一峰一谷”型,即早晚湿度高,中午到下午低。从日变化振幅上看,电白基准站最大,海上平台站次之,海洋浮标站最小。三个站点湿度月平均都是2—8月湿度较大,最低月份出现在东北季风盛行的11—12月。海洋浮标站出现高湿度的月份最长;海上平台站因为受到陆地的影响,在中午和下午会出现较明显的低值区域。(4)受下垫面的影响,三个站点的风速、温度和湿度的日较差全年平均值,最大值都是电白基准站,其次是海上平台站,最小是海洋浮标站。In this study,we conducted a comparative analysis of meteorological parameters,including wind speed,wind direction,temperature,and humidity,at three stations in Maoming:the offshore marine buoy station,the nearshore marine platform station,and the inland Dianbai reference station.One year of observational data was collected for analysis.Our results indicate that:(1)The dominant wind direction of the three stations was bimodal throughout the year,but the dominant wind direction differed,with the marine buoy and platform stations experiencing mainly northeast winds and the Dianbai reference station experiencing mainly northeast and southeast winds.The minimum monthly mean wind speed of the three sites was in August.For the maximum value,the marine buoy station was in January,the marine platform station was in November,and the Dianbai reference station was in April.(2)The diurnal variation of the annual mean temperature at the Dianbai reference station and the marine platform station followed a“one valley and one peak”pattern.There was a low value at the marine buoy station in the morning,but the peak value was not obvious.The average monthly temperature of the three stations increased in the first half of the year and decreased in the second half.The marine buoy stations,which were further south in latitude and least affected by land,had the longest duration of high temperatures throughout the year.(3)The annual average diurnal variation of humidity followed a“one peak and one valley”pattern at all three sites,with high humidity in the morning and evening and lower levels from noon to afternoon.The Dianbai reference station had the largest diurnal variation amplitude,followed by the marine platform station,and the marine buoy station had the smallest.Monthly average humidity was relatively high from February to August,with the lowest levels occurring from November to December when the Northeast monsoon prevailed.The ocean buoy stations had the longest periods of high humidity,while the offshore platform sho

关 键 词：茂名地区 近海 近岸 陆地 气象要素 对比分析 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]