不同农艺措施对土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Different Agronomic Measures on Soil Physicochemical Properties

作　　者：王磊 姬强 王亚麟[1] 王锐 何进勤[2] 雷金银[2] WANG Lei;JI Qiang;WANG Ya-lin(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Institute of Resources and Environment,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏农林科学院资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第5期63-67,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：十四五农业高质量发展与生态保护项目(NGSB-2021-11-05);农业基础性长期性科技工作观测监测项目(NAES091AE18)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示不同农艺措施对土壤理化性质的影响,筛选适宜宁南山区的种植技术模式。[方法]通过设置G_(1)(翻耕不覆膜)、G_(2)(翻耕覆膜+保水剂)、G_(3)(翻耕覆膜)、G_(4)(深松不覆膜)、G_(5)(深松覆膜+保水剂)、G_(6)(深松覆膜)6个处理,研究不同耕作模式下不同保水措施对土壤结构、养分和水分的影响。[结果]不同技术模式对土壤理化性质有明显影响,与翻耕相比,深松处理提高了土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量,有利于大粒径团聚体的形成,提高了土壤田间持水量,降低了土壤容重,其中深松覆膜+保水剂处理的效果最佳;相关分析表明土壤大粒径团聚体百分含量与土壤各养分均呈正相关。[结论]在该地区土壤和气候条件下,深松覆膜+保水剂可作为理想的耕作技术模式。[Objective]To reveal the effects of different agronomic measures on the soil physicochemical properties,a suitable planting technology model was selected in the mountainous area of southern Ningxia.[Method]Six treatments were set up,including G_(1)(tillage without mulching),G_(2)(tilling and mulching+water-retaining agent),G_(3)(tilling and mulching),G_(4)(deep loosening without mulching),G_(5)(deep-loose and mulching+water retaining agent)and G_(6)(deep-loose and mulching),to study the effects of different water retaining measures on soil structure,nutrients and moisture under different tillage modes.[Result]The different technical modes had significant effects on soil physicochemical properties.Compared with tilling,deep loosening treatment increased the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,was beneficial to the formation of large-particle size aggregates,increased soil field water capacity and reduced soil bulk density,and the deep-loose and mulching+water retaining agent treatment had the best effect.Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the percentage of large particle size aggregates and all soil nutrients.[Conclusion]Under the conditions of soil and climate in this area,the deep-loose and mulching+water retaining agent can be used as the ideal tillage technology mode.

关 键 词：耕作技术 深松模式 保水措施 土壤理化性质 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]