太宽河野生蕙兰濒危机制分析与保护研究  

Analysis and Protection of Endangered Mechanism on Wild Cymbidium faberi Rolfe in Taikuanhe Nature Reserve

作　　者：赵腊梅 王刚狮[2] 刘瑞霞[2] 时宝凌[2] 贾泽凡 ZHAO La-mei;WANG Gang-shi;LIU Rui-xia(Shanxi Yuncheng Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture,Yuncheng,Shanxi 044000;Shanxi Forestry Vocational Technical College,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030009)

机构地区：[1]山西运城农业职业技术学院,山西运城044000 [2]山西林业职业技术学院,山西太原030009 [3]山西省中条山国有林管理局,山西侯马043003

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第5期112-115,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201703D221017-1)。

摘　　要：[目的]为野生蕙兰(Cymbidium faberi Rolfe)种质资源的保护与利用提供科学依据,为太宽河自然保护区管理局野生蕙兰种群繁育和恢复奠定基础。[方法]采用固定样方法,对野生蕙兰的资源进行调查,运用濒危系数分析法,以能够反映蕙兰濒危程度的活株数、自然枯死株数、幼苗数、开花植株数、坐果植株数、动物啃咬株数、人为采挖株数作为评价指标,对野生蕙兰濒危程度进行了定量分析。[结果]各指标濒危系数表现为动物啃咬濒危系数(C动)0.99>坐果濒危系数(C果)0.93>幼苗濒危系数(C苗)0.89>开花濒危系数(C花)0.88>活株濒危系数(C活)0.83>人为采挖濒危系数(C人)0.71>自然枯死濒危系数(C枯)0.53。调查结果显示,综合濒危系数为0.82,依据国际濒危物种等级新标准,处于濒危状态,其中野生动物危害较大和自我更新能力差是导致保护区内野生蕙兰濒危的主要因素,同时与人的因素也密不可分。[结论]建议建立以保护野生蕙兰为主的重点保护区域,积极开展以野生蕙兰种群恢复为主的科学研究;设立野生动物补饲点,减少对野生蕙兰资源的破坏;加大宣传力度,禁止非法采挖、放牧等人为干扰行为。[Objective]This study provided scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of wild Cymbidium faberi Rolfe germplasm resources and laid a foundation for the breeding and restoration of wild C.faberi population in Taikuan River National Nature Reserve Authority.[Method]Point quadrat method was taken to investigate resources of the wild C.faberi.By using endangered coefficient of analytical method,the number of living plants,natural exsciccation plants,seedings,flowering plants,fruit setting plants,animal biting plants,artificial picking plants as evaluation indexes,the endangered degree of wild C.faberi was quantitatively analyzed.[Result]The results showed:the endangered coefficient animal biting(C=0.99)>fruit setting(C=0.93)>seedings(C=0.89)>flowering plants(C=0.87)>living plants(C=0.83)>artificial picking(C=0.71)>natural exsciccation plants(C=53).Synthetical endangered index of the wild C.faberi of the reserve was 0.82.The investigation results showed that the wild C.faberi in the reserve was endangered.The greater damage caused by wild animals and the poor self-renewal ability of the wild C.faberi are the main reasons leading to the endangered situation,consistent with human activities.[Conclusion]Therefore,it is helpful to set up a major reserve,actively carry out scientific research on the recovery of the wild C.faberi community,and establish supplementary feeding sites for wild animals to protect the wild C.faberi from above damage.Moreover,the propaganda should be enhanced to prohibit illegal logging,grazing and other human interference behavior.

关 键 词：蕙兰 野生资源 濒危机制 保护 太宽河保护区 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]