北京小西山昆虫资源多样性与保护分析  

Diversity and Conservation of Insect Resources in Xiaoxishan Mountain of Beijing

作　　者：王梦 姚飞 宁少华 梁洪柱 李颖超[2] WANG Meng;YAO Fei;NING Shao-hua(Beijing Xishan Experiment Forest Center,Beijing 100093)

机构地区：[1]北京市西山试验林场管理处,北京100093 [2]北京林业大学博物馆,北京100083

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第5期132-136,143,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]了解北京小西山昆虫资源类型,完善小西山生物多样性数据。[方法]在2021年5月至2022年5月,通过野外观察、扫网、振落和灯诱等调查方法并查阅相关文献资料,对小西山的昆虫资源进行了调查。[结果]小西山共有昆虫17目246科874属1 150种,其中鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)昆虫占比最高,有48科250属305种,占总物种数量的26.52%;其次为半翅目(Hemiptera),有271种,占23.57%。[结论]该研究还对传粉昆虫、观赏昆虫、环境昆虫、食药用昆虫等资源类型进行了分析,并建议通过持续昆虫资源调查,改善营林环境,保护自然天敌,加强宣传引导等方面进行小西山昆虫资源多样性保护。研究成果为林区生物多样性保护、林业有害生物防治以及森林生态系统健康评价体系的建立等工作提供参考依据。[Objective]In order to know the types of insect resources and improve the biodiversity data in Xiaoxishan Mountain of Beijing.[Method]Field investigation methods such as field observation,sweeping nets,shaking,and light trapping were used to obtain the insect resources from May 2021 to May 2022.[Result]The results showed that there are 1150 species of insects from 17 orders,246 families,and 874 genera in Xiaoxishan,of which Lepidoptera accounted for the highest proportion,with 48 families,250 genera,and 305 species,26.52%of the total number of species;followed by Hemiptera,with 271 species,accounting for 23.57%.[Conclusion]We also conducted surveys on resource types such as pollinator insects,ornamental insects,environmental insects,and edible and medicinal insects,and suggested that the protection of insect resource diversity should be carried out through continuous investigation of insect resources,improvement of forestry environment,protection of natural enemies,and strengthening of publicity and guidance.The results also provide a reference for forest biodiversity protection,forest pest control,and the establishment of a forest ecosystem health assessment system.

关 键 词：昆虫资源 生物多样性 生态系统 有害昆虫 天敌昆虫 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]