近三倍非整倍体紫锥菊的染色体加倍  

Chromosome Doubling of Near-triplex Aneuploids in Echinacea purpurea

作　　者：黎幸连 姜伟珍 戴倩 杨东敏 方媛 杨跃生[1,3] LI Xing-lian;JIANG Wei-zhen;DAI Qian(College of Life Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006;Southern Medicine Research Institute of Yunfu,Yunfu,Guangdong 527300)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学生命科学学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东药科大学中药资源学院,广东广州510006 [3]云浮市南药研究院,广东云浮527300

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第5期189-194,200,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云浮市科技局产学研科技攻关项目(2021A090201)。

摘　　要：[目的]建立高效的紫锥菊(Echinacea purpurea L.)非整倍体离体诱导加倍的方法,为紫锥菊育种和遗传学研究提供创新性种质。[方法]采用离体诱导方法,比较4个紫锥菊近三倍非整倍体株系(C31,2n=31;C32-1,2n=32;C32-2,2n=32;C34,2n=34)在不同前处理持续时间、不同秋水仙素处理浓度和处理持续时间条件下的加倍诱导效果的差异。[结果]4个非整倍体株系的染色体加倍效果均随预处理时间的延长、秋水仙素处理浓度的提高及处理时间的延长而呈先上升后下降的趋势,并分别在预处理4 d、秋水仙素浓度120 mg/L、处理时间25 d时,获得最佳的诱变效果。根据根尖染色体计数鉴定的结果,由近三倍非整倍体C31、C32-1、C32-2、C34株系加倍获得的近六倍非整倍体染色体数目分别为2n=62、2n=64、2n=64、2n=68,其植株形态与原植物相比,均表现为生长缓慢,植株矮化,叶片增厚、反卷、脆硬,叶表皮毛茸增长、加密,叶柄缩短,生根缓慢,根短而粗,侧根少甚至无等特点。[结论]秋水仙素可成功诱导近三倍非整倍体紫锥菊加倍成为近六倍的高倍非整倍体;秋水仙素诱导的非整倍体染色体加倍和整倍体相同,即每条染色体都实现了加倍,不受非整倍体中各号染色体原来数量不尽相同所影响。[Objective]To establish effective methods for inducing chromosome-doubling of aneuploids in E.purpurea,and provide innovated germplasm for breeding and genetic study of E.purpurea.[Method]In vitro methods were used for comparing the effects of different pre-culture treatment duration,concentrations of colchicine for the treatment and the treating duration on the induction of chromosome doubling among four lines of near-triplex aneuploids of E.purpurea(C31,2 n=31;C32-1,2 n=32,C32-2,2 n=32;C34,2 n=34).[Result]The chromosome doubling effects of the four aneuploid lines were all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of pre-culture treatment duration,colchicine concentration and treatment duration,and the conditions of 4 days pre-culture treatment,treatment with 120 mg/L colchicine for 25 days were suitable for induction of chromosome doubling of the four near-triplex aneuploids.According to the results of root tip chromosome counting identification,chromosome numbers counted in the root tip cells of the near-hexaploid aneuploids obtained by doubling strains C31,C32-1,C32-2 and C34 were 2 n=62,2n=64,2n=64 and 2n=68,respectively,and the morphology of all near-hexaploid compared with its original plant,was characterized by slow growth,dwarfing,leaf blade thickening,revolute,brittle and hard,leaf epidermal hairs growth,shortened petiole,slow rooting,short and thick roots,few or no lateral roots,etc.[Conclusion]Near-triplex aneuploids could be induced to double the chromosome numbers and became near-hexaploid aneuploid by the treatment of colchicine in vitro,and the results were just like that of euploids.That is to say,all the chromosomes were doubled with no affects from the differences in the chromosome numbers in the original aneuploids.

关 键 词：近三倍非整倍体 近六倍非整倍体 紫锥菊 染色体加倍 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]